适宜麦棉套作的小麦与棉花配置方式研究

[目的]探索麦棉套作模式下适宜的棉花与小麦配置方式,实现麦棉套作产值最大化。[方法]采用大田随机区组试验,设置了6个不同配置方式,调查了小麦产量、棉花生育性状与产量,计算了不同种植模式的总产值。[结果]"三一式"对棉花前期生长影响较大,棉行光照、温度均显著降低,小麦产量高而棉花产量低;"四二式"起垄植棉促进棉花早发,显著提高了棉花产量,总产值达到了41 646元/hm~2,较其他配置方式增加4.7%~14.5%。[结论]"四二式"配合棉行起垄是促进棉花早发,提高麦棉套作模式产值的最佳配置方式。

Study on Arrangement of Cotton and Wheat Suitable for Wheat-cotton Interplanting

[Objective] To explore the most suitable arrangement of cotton and wheat and to maximize the output of wheat-cotton interplanting.[Method] Six arrangements of cotton and wheat were designed by adopting randomized block experiments.The wheat yield,cotton development and cotton yield were investigated and the output of wheat-cotton interplanting was calculated.[Result] In the arrangement of "3-1" pattern,soil temperature and light intensity of cotton lines decreased greatly,and the growth of cotton in seedling stage was restrained significantly.Its wheat yield was the highest but the cotton yield was the lowest.The arrangement of "4-2" pattern plus ridge forming on cotton rows accelerated the cotton growth in seedling stage and increased cotton yield significantly,and the output of wheat-cotton interplanting reached 41 646 Yuan/hm2,increasing by 4.7%-14.5% compared with other arrangements.[Conclusion] The arrangement of "4-2" pattern plus ridge forming on cotton rows was the best one for wheat-cotton interplanting.