马莲河流域干燥度变化特征

目的]研究马莲河流域干燥度变化特征。方法]利用马莲河流域7个气象站1961—2015年地面观测资料,根据Holdridge生命地带模型对近55年来马莲河流域的干燥度变化特征进行了分析。结果]近55年来马莲河流域内可能蒸散率(PER)以0.01~0.07/10 a的趋势上升,地区差异明显。马莲河流域PER 20世纪90年代出现了最大值,比20世纪60年代平均增大了0.36,为干旱最频繁发生时段。马莲河流域降水量呈减少趋势,减幅为1.3~13.9 mm/10 a,其中上中游降水量减少最为明显;年生物温度升高,增加趋势为0.13~0.29℃/10 a,下游地区年生物温度升高最为明显。结论]马莲河流域出现了明显的暖干化趋势,对农业生产、经济社会发展的不利影响将更加显著。

Variation Characteristic of Aridity Index in Malian River Basin

Objective] The research aimed to study the variation characteristic of aridity index in Malian River Basin.Method] Using the surface meteorological observed data in seven climate stations in Malian River Basin during 1961-2015,according to the Holdridge life zone model analyzed the variation characteristic of aridity index in Malian River Basin in recent 55 years.Result]The possible evapotranspiration rate (PER) was increasing by the tendency of 0.01 to 0.07 /10 a in the Malian River Basin in recent 55 years,and the regional differences were significant.The maximum value of PER in Malian River basin was in 1990s,the average increased by 0.36 than in 1960s,which was the most frequent occurrence of drought.The precipitation of Malian River Basin showed a decreasing trend,it was 13.3 to 13.9 mm/10 a,the precipitation reduction of the upper and middle reaches was the most obvious.Annual biological temperature was increased,the increasing trend was 0.13 to 0.29 ℃/10 a,the annual biological temperature increase was the most obvious in the downstream area.Conclusion] Malianhe River Basin has a significant warm-drying trend,the adverse effects of agricultural production,economic and social development will be more significant.