宁夏旱作农业理论与实践

从理论和实践2个层面对宁夏旱作农业进行了认识和把握。概述了宁夏旱作农业的基本情况；分析了宁夏旱作农业区光、热、水、土等自然资源的基本特征；阐述了旱作农业在提高全区粮食综合生产能力、保障主要农产品供给、扶贫攻坚及生态建设等方面所具有的战略地位和基础作用；划分出建国以后宁夏旱作农业技术发展所经历的5个阶段；围绕土壤贮水量、作物耗水量、降水利用率、水分生产效率和耗水系数等水分性能指标，测算出宁夏中南部主要旱地作物目前均有1倍的产量潜力可供挖掘，提出了旱作农业水分生产潜力开发的技术途径；展示了宁夏旱作农业发展成效，重点总结了覆膜保墒集雨补灌旱作节水农业技术创新集成所取得的重要成果．形成了具有宁夏特色的旱作农业技术体系和发展模式．

Theory and Practice of Dryland Agriculture in Ningxia

A discussion is made on the dryland agriculture in Ningxia in 2 aspects of theory and practice. The basic situa- tion of the dryland agriculture in Ningxia is summarized. The basic characteristics of the natural resources in Ningxia such as light, heat, water and soil are analyzed. The strategic position and basic role played by the dryland agriculture in up- grading the comprehensive capacity of grain production in Ningxia, ensuring the supply of major agricultural products, poverty reduction and ecological construction are elaborated. The 5 stages experienced in the development of dryland agricultural technology in Ningxia are marked off. On the basis of moisture performance indices such as the soil water storage, crop wa- ter consumption, the utilization rate of rainfall, water production efficiency and water consumption coefficient, it is calculated that the main dryland crops in middle and southern Ningxia all have the potentiality of yield increasing by 100%. The technological approaches for development of the potential water productivity in the dryland agriculture are put forward. The achievement in dryland agriculture development in Ningxia is presented. The major achievements accomplished in innovative integration of the dryland water-saving agricultural technology characterized by film mulching, soil moisture conservation and supplementary irrigation using collected rainwater are summarized. A dryland water-saving agricultural technology system and development pattern with Ningxia characteristics have formed.