今后粮食生产的重点是增加饲料粮——以陕西省农牧业发展为例的探讨

预计到本世纪末,由于人口和粮食几乎是同步增长,按人平均占有的饲料粮恐难于有很大提高,今后粮食生产的发展除保证人口增长所需的口粮外,主要是努力增加饲料粮生产。尽快改变粮、饲不分的传统习惯,因地制宜改革种植业结构,发展能蛋比适宜的优质饲料作物生产,提高饲料转化效率,是发展动物性食物生产,改善人民食物构成的关键所在。对陕西来说,汉中水田区在越冬作物中发展饲料大麦;关中平原灌区推行玉米间作大豆;渭北旱原适当发展苜蓿,实行草粮轮作,均是强化农牧结合的有效途径。

Priority Given to Food Production Is to Increase Feed Grain in the Future in China

It is estimated that owing to almost synchronous growth in population and grains, there will be no much increase in per capita feed grain by the end of this century. Apart from ensuring food ration required by the population growth, the future food production is mainly to increase feed grain. Accordingly, changing the traditional habit of non-separation of food and feed production as fast as possible, transforming the crop planting patterns in accordance with local conditions, developing fine quality feed production with the suitable energy-protien ratio, and improving feed conversion efficiency are the key to develop animal food production and to improve the people's diet compositions. As far as Shaanxi Province is concerned, feed barly can be developed in the overwintering crops in Hanzhong paddy fieldsj Intercropping of cron with soybeans can be carried out in the irrigated area in Guanzhong plainjAlfalfa can be properly developed; and grass food rotation practised on the Weibei rainfed highland. These are the effective ways to intensify the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry.