生物质快速热裂解制取生物油技术的研究进展

生物质热裂解制取生物油技术是在中温(500～650℃),高加热速率(104～105℃/s)和极短气体停留时间(小于2s)的条件下,将生物质直接热解,产物经快速冷却,可使中间液态产物分子在进一步断裂生成气体之前冷凝,从而得到高产量的生物油。该技术是一种环境友好的新型生物质能利用技术,具有广阔的应用前景。对生物质热裂解机理、生物质热裂解反应器类型、生物质快速热裂解过程的影响因素、生物油特性、生物油的精制及应用等方面进行了阐述,以期为该技术的发展提供参考。

Present Situation of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis for Bio-oil Production

Pyrolysis is the thermal degradation of biomass in the absence of an oxidizing agent whereby the volatile components of a solid carbonaceous feedstock are vaporized in primary reactions by heating,leaving a residue consisting of char and ash.Pyrolysis always produces a gas,vapor that can be collected as a liquid,which is called bio-oil,and a solid char.Fast pyrolysis processes was designed and operated to maximize the liquid fraction at up to 75% wt on a dry biomass feed basisBiomass fast pyrolyis for bio-oil production is an environment friendly and a new type of biomass conversion technology,which has a broad application future.The mechanism of biomass pyrolyis,reactor type,influencing parameter of biomass fast pyrolysis process,property of bio-oil,upgrading of bio-oil and application of bio-oil was reviewed.The objective of this paper was to provide reference for the development of biomass fast pyrolysis for bio-oil production.