利用红外相机调查马边大风顶保护区鸟类资源的时空分布特征

为调查马边大风顶自然保护区的鸟类资源及其时空分布特征,本研究于2016年10月至2017年7月,在马边大风顶保护区布设了78台红外相机。共拍摄到鸟类有效照片530张,鉴定鸟类34种,分属4目9科,包括1种国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类四川山鹧鸪(Arborophila rufipectus)和4种国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类白腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus amherstiae)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)、血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)。其中,物种相对丰富度(RAI)排名前五的鸟类分别是红腹角雉、白腹锦鸡、白鹇、长尾地鸫(Zoothera dixoni)、红嘴蓝鹊(Urocissa erythrorhyncha);在季节上,秋季的鸟类相对丰富度最高,冬季次之,夏季最低;在空间上,大多数鸟类偏好活动于常绿落阔混交林以及海拔2 200—2 700 m的生境。部分珍稀保护鸟类(如四川山鹧鸪、血雉等)的物种丰富度相对较低。建议保护区针对这些鸟类活动频繁的区域开展更全面的保护工作(如栖息地适宜性调查和种群动态监测等)。

Spatial-temporal Distribution of Birds Using Infrared Camera Traps in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve

In order to investigate the spatial-temporal distribution of birds in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve,78 infrared cameras were set up in Mabian Dafengding Nature Reserve from October 2016 to July 2017.There were 530 valid photos of 34 species of birds(belonging to 4 orders and 9 families)taken by infrared cameras,including one species of the national classⅠprotected birds:Sichuan partridge(Arborophila rufipectus),and four national class II protected birds:Lady Amherst’s Pheasant(Chrysolophus amherstiae),Silver Pheasant(Lophura nycthemera),Temminck’s Tragopan(Tragopan temminckii),blood pheasant(Ithaginis cruentus).Furthermore,the top five in the Relative Abundance Index(RAI)were Temminck’s Tragopan,Lady Amherst’s Pheasant,Silver Pheasant,Long-tailed Thrush(Zoothera dixoni)and Red-billed Blue Magpie(Urocissa erythroryncha).In temporal distribution,the Relative Abundance of birds was the highest in autumn,then in winter,spring,and summer.In spatial distribution,the majority of the birds preferred to live in the mixed evergreen and broad-leaved forests,and habituated at an altitude of 2200–2700 m.The Relative Abundance of some rare protected birds,such as Sichuan Partridge,Blood Pheasant,etc.,was relatively low.It is recommended that the Nature Reserve should carry out more comprehensive protection work,such as habitat suitability survey and population dynamic monitoring,in these areas with high bird activities.