广西桑蚕茧丝质量与性能指标的测定分析

本研究对广西桑蚕茧的茧丝质量与性能指标进行了测定分析。结果表明,广西桑蚕茧外形略小,茧层丝胶含量、茧层易溶丝胶含量、丝胶溶解性以及茧丝纤度等主要指标均与江浙夏秋用桑蚕茧有明显差异。桑蚕茧的茧层丝胶含量、易溶丝胶含量随庄口、季节不同而有显著差异;春季桂南地区的蚕茧茧层丝胶含量高于桂西北地区,秋季刚好相反。茧层易溶丝胶含量在11.6%-14.4%之间,约占丝胶总含量的41%~45%,茧层易溶丝胶含量和解舒率呈显著的正相关关系,即茧层易溶丝胶含量越多,蚕茧解舒越好。庄口和季节是影响桑蚕茧层易溶丝胶含量高低与蚕茧解舒优劣的重要因素。广西桑蚕茧层丝胶对煮茧温度更敏感,茧丝纤度粗细变化开差大。因此,我们认为目前困扰广西桑蚕茧加工技术突破的原因之一是缫丝工艺技术,采用传统缫丝工艺技术难以正常发挥广西桑蚕茧的茧丝优势与特性。

Determination and Analysis of Quality and Capability Index of Silkworm Cocoon Filament in Guangxi

The quality and capability index of Guangxi silkworm cocoon filament were determined and analyzed in this study. The results showed that the Guangxi silkworm cocoon is smaller in size, and its cocoon-shell sericin content, cocoon-shell soluble service content, secricin dissolving ration and cocoon filament size are definitely different from that of silkworm cocoon filament from Jiangsu and Zhejiang that were employed to be as references in this research. Cocoon-shell sericin content and cocoon-shell soluble sericin content of silkworm cocoon are dissimilar along with the difference of producing areas and seasons. In spring, the cocoon-shell sericin content of silk worm cocoon in the south of Guangxi is higher than that of northwestern of Guangxi, while in autumn the situation is quite the reverse. Further results indicated that the cocoon-shell soluble service content of silkworm cocoon are in the range of 11.6% to 14.4%, occupying for about 41% to 45% of the total content of sericin, and a positive correlation was found between cocoon unwinding ratio and cocoon-shell sericin content, to be specific, the more cocoon-shell soluble sericin it contains, the higher unwinding ratio the cocoon owns. Producing areas and seasons might be two of the most important factors affecting cocoon-shell soluble sericin content and reel ability percentage of silkworm cocoon. Compared to the silkworm cocoon filament in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, the cocoon-shell soluble sericin content of Guangxi silkworm cocoon filament are more sensitive to cocoon cooking temperature, and the deviation of cocoon filament size are more obvious. Therefore, we could come to the conclusion that one of the factors limiting the development of processing technology of silkworm cocoon filament in Guangxi should be filature technology at present, for the advantages and characteristics of silkworm cocoon in Guangxi are difficult to be fully explored by simply employing the traditional filature technology.