不同利用方式下贝加尔针茅草甸草原群落多样性变化

以内蒙古贝加尔针茅草甸草原围封、刈割和放牧样地为研究对象,分析2016~2018年内植物群落物种组成和多样性变化规律,为草原合理利用提供指导。结果表明:(1)贝加尔针茅草原共调查到76种物种,不同利用方式下植物组成不同。(2)相比较围栏和刈割利用,2018年放牧样地Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数、Shanon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀性指数均显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)围封利用下Simpson优势度指数表现为降-升年度变化(P<0.05);放牧样地Margalef丰富度指数表现为降低年度变化(P<0.05)。综合分析表明,相比较围封和刈割利用,放牧对贝加尔针茅草甸草原健康发展构成威胁,围封和刈割利用下群落物种多样性较高。

Species diversity changes in Stipa baicalensis meadow steppe under different utilizing types

The change characteristics of community composition and diversity under different utilizing types(enclosing,cutting,and grazing)in Stipa baicalensis meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia were studied from 2016 to 2018,in order to provide guiding significance for grassland reasonable use.The result showed:(1)76 species were investigated,and the plants composition were different under different using types.(2)Compared with enclosing and cutting,the Margarlef index,Simpson index,Shanon-wiener index and Pielou index in grazing land were significantly reduced in 2018(P<0.05).(3)The annual change of Simpson index showed down-to-up under enclosing,and the annual change of Margalef index showed decrease under grazing(P<0.05).Compared with enclosing and cutting,the comprehensive analysis suggested that grazing had a threat to the healthy development in Stipa baicalensis meadow steppe,and the species diversity under enclosing and cutting were higher than that under grazing.