黄颡鱼胚胎发育早期脂肪酸变化的研究

采用生物化学方法测定了黄颡鱼成熟卵及早期胚胎的脂肪酸组成.试验结果表明,在成熟卵和早期胚胎中占主要比例的脂肪酸为:软脂酸(C_(16∶0))、硬脂酸(C_(18∶0))、棕榈油酸(C_(16∶1n-7))、油酸(C_(18∶1n-9))、亚油酸(C_(18∶2n-6)),此外,成熟卵中还含有较高比例的亚麻酸(C_(18∶3n-3)).胚胎对不同脂肪酸的利用因胚胎发育时期的不同而有差异,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)在囊胚期、原肠期和器官形成期占有较高的比例;单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)在卵裂期和囊胚期所占比例升高较快;饱和脂肪酸(SFA)是胚胎发育过程中能量的主要提供者,在原肠期、神经胚期和器官形成期存在着活跃的代谢,为这些时期的发育提供能量.与成熟卵相比,黄颡鱼的受精卵在脂肪酸组成上显示了不同.PUFA比例明显减少,而SFA的比例迅速增加,表明在卵粒受精后,胚胎内开始了活跃的代谢过程.

Changes in Fatty Acid Composition During Early Embryonic Development of Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fiulvidraco

The composition of fatty acids in mature eggs and embryos during early development of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fiulvidraco were determined by biochemical methods. The results showed that the predominant fatty acids, in terms of relative proportion, were C_(16:0), C_(18:0), C_(16:1n-7), C_(18:1n-9),and C_(18:2n-6) both in matureeggs and embryo during early development stage. Besides, large proportion of C_(18:3n-3) was observecl in the. The fatty acid was utilized by various patterns during various embryonic stages. The proportion of the poly-unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) was high during blastula, gastrula and organogenesis. The monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) increased during cleavage and blastula. The saturates fatty acids(SFA) acted as the main energy source during early embryonic development. SFA supplied main energy for metabolism during gastrula, nerve embryo and organogenesis. There were higher proportion of HUFA in fertilized eggs than that in the mature eggs.However, the proportion of SFA increased,indicating that the embryos started the active metabolism after fertilization.