浙江山羊杂交选育效果研究

采用马、萨、本三品种杂交方式，改良浙江山羊的生产性能．经测定，萨本二元杂种（Ｆ＿１）和马萨本三元杂种（Ｆ＿２）与浙江本地山羊相比，初生重分别提高２０％－２３％和４７％－５３％；周岁体重分别提高４３％－６３％和３６％－５４％；成年体重提高５２％－５５％和４６％－５４％，Ｆ＿１和Ｆ＿２的屠宰率分别迭４０％－４４％和４６％－４８％，分别比浙江本地山羊提高１６％－１８％和３０％－３１％。杂交改良对羊肉品质（化学组成及蛋白质、氨基酸含量）影响不大，差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）．杂交改良对山羊板皮品质有一定影响，表现为面积增大（Ｆ＿１比本地羊提高２６．７１％，差异显著；Ｆ＿２提高３３．４９％，差异极显著），抗张性能提高。杂种羊还表现为红细胞上Ｃ＿（３ｂ）受体花环率与免疫复合物花环率提高，表现出明显的杂种优势，因此，采用体型大、生长快的萨能山羊和肉用性能较好的马头山羊为父本，杂交改良浙江山羊是提高山羊生产性能和经济效益的有效途径．

Studies on the cross-breeding efficiency of Zhejiang goats

To improve the productivity of Zhejiang goats,the procedure and efficiency of cross-breeding among the three breeds of Ma-tou,Sannen and Zhejiang native goats were studied.The results showed that the birth weight of the F_1 hybrids from the mating of Sannen with the native and the F_2 progenv from a three way cross among the breeds were increased by 20%-30%and 47%-53%,the yearling weight increased by 43%-63%and 36%-54%,and the adult weight increased by 52%-55%and 46%-54%,respectively,as compared with those of Zhejiang nativegoats as the control.The slaughter rate of the F_1 and F_2 reached 40%-44%and 46%-48%,be-1ng 16%-18%and 30%-31%higher than those of the control.The effects of cross-breeding im-provement on the quality(chemical components as well as protein and amino acid contents)of goatmutton were not sighnificant(P>0.05).The quality of the goat skin was improved distinctly byway of cross-breeding. The skin area of the F_1 hybrids was 26.71% Larger than the native goats,and that of F_2 was 33.49%greater than the control.The differences between them being signifi- cant. Besides, the skins of hybrids also had a higher tensile strength.Finally,the hybrid goats(F_1 and F_2)were found to possess higher floral hoop rate in red cell and displayed remarkable hy-brid vigor. From these facts,it comes to the conclusion that the cross-breeding could be an effi-cient way to improve the productivity of Zhejiang native goats mating with Sannen and Ma-tou goats as fatter goat.