太湖百渎港湿地植被恢复区植物群落特征研究

百渎港河口湿地是太湖水域建成的第一块规模化河口湿地,于2006年底完成植被恢复建设。2009年对百渎港湿地植被恢复区内植物种类和群落分布特征进行初次调查研究,结果表明：①研究区共有植物49种,隶属于33个科45个属,其中蓼科5个种,禾本科、菊科、水鳖科各4个种,十字花科、眼子菜科、豆科各2个种,其他26个科共包括26个种。②物种丰富度指数随着基底高程的降低而变小,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数变化基本一致,先降低后升高,Simpson优势度指数则先升高后降低。③恢复后的湿地植物群落发展正处于上升阶段,挺水植物（芦苇和茭草群落）、荷花和沉水植物群落的盖度分别是恢复初期的1.25、1.14和2.83倍;群落已进入自然演替状态,但整体生物量还偏低,生态系统的生产力水平还有待于进一步提高。

Characteristics of Wetland Plant Community in the Artificial Restoring Area of the Baidu Port of Taihu Lake

Baidu Port of Taihu Lake is the first scale market port wetland,and the establishment of vegetation recovery was finished at the end of 2006.In 2009,a case study on the wetland plant community area in the Baidu Port of Taihu Lake was conducted to examine plant species and distribution characteristics of community.The results showed: ① In the studied area,there were 49 species plants belonging to 45 genera of 32 families.5 species were included in Polygonaceae.Hydrocharitaceae,Compositae and Gramineae included 4 species plants respectively.The other families included 26 species plants totally.②Species richness index became small with basal elevation reduction.Shannon-wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index first decreased and then increased,while Simpson dominance index first increased and then decreased.③The restored wetland plant community was on the rise,the coverage of the emergent plant communities,lotus communities and submerged plant communities were 1.25,1.14,2.83 times of the early stages of recovery;Community had entered the natural succession state,but overall biomass was low,the ecosystem productivity had to be further improved.