取消“两工”对水土保持工程建设的影响及对策

 农村义务工和劳动积累工统称“两工”,“两工”是水土保持工程建设的主要投入渠道。取消“两工”使水土保持工作面临严峻的挑战,每年投入缺口在150亿元左右。根据农村经济体制改革和公共财政体系建设的基本原理,建议:探索建立水土保持生态建设投入新机制,即政府把水土保持生态建设纳入公共财政体系,加大投入力度;探索建立农民投工投劳专项转移支付制度和水土保持生态补偿制度;鼓励公众参与编制水土保持规划,采取民办公助等形式,调动农民参与水土保持生态建设的积极性。

Impact and countermeasure of canceling compulsory labours and accumulated labours for soil and water conservation projects

Compulsory labours and accumulated labours are two main investment channels of soil and water conservation projects. These two types of labor had been gradually canceled since 2000. So soil and water conservation projects were faced with serious challenge. Investment gaps were about 15 billion Yuan every year. According to the principles of institutional reform in the rural area and public finance system, new mechanism of soil and water conservation investment should be built. All level of governments should bring investment of soil and water conservation projects into public finance system, and increase investment. Governments should try to build the system of special fund transfer payment of two types of labor and ecological compensation of soil and water conservation. Encourage public participate in soil and water conservation planning, give subsidy to farmers who invest money in soil and water conservation projects, mobilize positivity of farmers taking part in soil and water conservation projects.