森林病害防治理论和技术进展

本文论述了50年代以来森林病害由单一树种、单一病害的简单防治, 到目前正在探讨中的森保系统工程的有关防治概念的发展。在防治技术上, 着重讨论了化学防治、生物防治和抗病育种在森林病害防治中的应用及前景。

Theory on Control of Forest Discases and Technical Progress

As more is known about forest diseases, change also takes place in thethoughts over control. Control measures developed from simple chemical control to inte-grated control with cultural control as the core. The theory on integrated pest manage-ment with itself improved gradually in 1960s and 1970s, has become a prevailing theoryin forest disease control in the world. A systems engineering in forest protection is con-ceived, which is comprehensive in nature and complete in scheme. Technique in diseasecontrol is a very active field of research. Chemical control still plays an important role incontrol of disease in trees in courts, nurseries, cities and in other highly valuable trees,though it is very rarely used in large forests. Persistent systemics and smoke generatorscontaining fungicide hold a superior position in forest disease control. Since 1960s,Peniophora gigantea and weak virulent strains of Endothia parasitica have beensuccessfully used to control root white rot and chestnut blight, respectively. Most of bi-ological control are still in experimental stage. In recent 30 years, considerable progresshas been made in control of forest disease with disease resistant trees. Now diseaseresistant tree breeding is considered as an important approach to control of major forestdiseases in all countries in the world.