寒地高产玉米源库性状及与产量的关系

试验采用4因素最优试验设计,探讨寒地高产玉米的源库特点及其与产量的关系。结果显示,群体条件下高产处理的叶面积和干物质积累均高于低产处理。高产玉米的光合势始终高于低产处理,而且花后光合势与产量之间存在极显著的正相关(r=0.891)。花后光合势和净同化率对经济产量的直接通径系数分别为0.910和0.028。生物产量和收获指数对经济产量的直接通径系数为0.438和0.374。高产处理玉米截获更多的光能,子粒光能利用率比低产处理平均提高37.6%。建立花后平均LAI和单位粒数与产量的回归模型(复相关系数R=0.9701),分析表明,在库或源水平较低的情况下,增源或增库均明显提高产量,随着库或源水平的逐渐提高,增源或增库的增产效果逐渐降低,当库或源水平较高时,提高源或库水平均导致产量的降低。

The Relation between Yield and Source and Sink Properties of High-yield Maize in Cold Region

The test adopted the optimum test design of 4 factors,probed into the source and sink characteristic of the high yield maize and relation with yield in cold region.The results showed that the LA,DM and LAD of high-yielding population were all higher than that of the low one.The significant positive relationship between LAD after anthesis and grain yield(r=0.891**)was found.The directness path coefficient of LAD and NAR after anthesis to grain yield is 0.910 and 0.028 respectively.And the directness path coefficient of YB and EI to economic yield is 0.438 and 0.374,respectively.The average PAR-use efficiency of high-yielding treatment increased 37.6% when compared with the low one. Regard source(average LAI after anthesis) and sink(kernel number per sq.m.) as the independent variable,set up the regression model of the yield(R=0.970 1**).The results revealed that the yield was increased with adding of source or sink when the sink or source was very small,but the edge-effect of increasing was diminishingly with gradual improvement of the sink or the source level.When the sink or the source level was higher,improve source or sink level caused reducing of yield.