不同基质栽培对番茄叶片光合作用和根系ATP酶的影响

以腐熟玉米秸、麦秸、菇渣、锯末等农产废弃物添加土壤后配成有机基质进行番茄栽培试验，探讨不同基质栽培对番茄叶片光合特性和根系ATP酶活性的影响。结果表明，有机基质栽培较土壤栽培植株同化产物积累增加，番茄光合速率、细胞间隙CO₂浓度、呼吸速率均显著提高。有机基质栽培Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、qP显著升高，P-H⁺+ATPase、P-Ca²⁺-ATPase、V-H⁺-ATPase、V-Ca²⁺-ATPase活性提高。有机基质栽培番茄通过提高根系质膜和液泡膜ATPase活性、增加番茄的光合速率、细胞间隙CO₂浓度，提高Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、qP，提高光化学效率，增强营养吸收，从而促进番茄生长和同化物形成。

Effect of Different Organic Substrate on Leaf Photosynthesis and Root ATPase Activity of Tomato

In this paper,the effects of different organic substrates on leaf photosynthesis and root ATPase activity of tomato using organic substrate culture added with corn stalk,wheat straw,mushroom residue,saw dust and dry dung were investigated.The results showed that tomato assimilation products were enhanced in organic substrates compared with the soil control.The photosynthetic rate,intracellular CO2 concentration and respiration rate were higher in organic substrate cultivation than control.Fv/Fm,ΦPSⅡ and qP were significantly increased in organic substrate cultivation.There was promotion effects of organic substrate cultivation on P-H+-ATPase,P-Ca2+-ATPase,V-H+-ATPase and V-Ca2+-ATPase activities.With higher tonoplast and plasma membrane ATPase activities,photosynthetic rate,intracellular CO2 concentration and Fv/Fm,ΦPSⅡ,qP,the photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient absorption of tomato cultivated in organic substrate were enhanced.As a result,tomato growth and its yield were greatly improved.