鲁西黄牛遗传多样性及其系统地位的研究

 以中心产区简单随机抽样在山东省鄄城县和梁山县共抽取鲁西黄牛87头，用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）和水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术检测21个编码血液蛋白（酶）的结构基因座的基因频率，同时引用国内外13个群体7个相同座位的研究资料，进行聚类分析。结果表明，在所检测的21个基因座中，有9个存在多型，多态位点百分比为42.86%，群体内遗传变异水平相对较高，平均杂合度为0.1416；鲁西牛与东南亚牛种亲缘关系较近，证实了鲁西牛是由北方蒙古利亚牛系和南方瘤牛的混血种，但不可能含有巴厘牛的血统。目前应扩大保种群的数量，以维持群体内的遗传多样性。

Genetic Diversity and Phylogeny Status of Luxi Cattle

A total of 87 individuals of Luxi cattle from Juancheng County and Liangshan County, Shangdong Province, were sampled by simple random sample in typical colony. Twenty one blood proteins and enzymes loci were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and starch gel electrophoresis(SGE). In the meantime, the data of 7 loci of 13 cattle populations in China and other countries were collected and phylogeny relationships were studied. The results showed that: 9 out of 21 loci were polymorphism (42.86%); the level of genetic variation in Luxi cattle population was relatively high, the mean hoterozygosity was 0.1416. The Luxi cattle have a close phylogeny relationships with the cattle populations of east and south of Asia and this confirms further the facts that Luxi cattle are the cross breed between the Bos taurus and Bos indicus in China, but it is not possible of having blood lineage of Bali cattle in Luxi cattle. Now the size of breeding population in Luxi cattle should be enlarged to maintain the genetic diversity level of population.