基于EDEM的有机肥撒施机抛撒性能试验研究

为解决有机肥流动性差、机械抛撒难的问题，基于自制的卧式有机肥撒施机，建立了有机肥在抛撒过程中的运动模型，分析了影响抛撒均匀度的主要因素；采用SolidWorks软件建立了有机肥和卧式有机肥撒施机的三维模型，运用EDEM软件以输肥速比（作业速度与刮板输肥速度比值）、抛撒辊转速、螺旋叶片螺距为试验因素进行了响应面设计试验；采用Design-Expert 8.0.5软件优化了作业参数，并进行仿真试验验证和田间试验验证。仿真结果表明:影响抛撒均匀度横向变异系数的主次顺序为螺旋叶片螺距＞抛撒辊转速＞输肥速比；当输肥速比为-16.42、抛撒辊转速为557.90 r/min、螺旋叶片螺距为365.40 mm时，抛撒均匀度横向变异系数为14%，仿真验证值与预测值误差≤5%，响应面模型合理。田间试验表明，当输肥速比为-16.6、抛撒辊转速为560 r/min、螺旋叶片螺距为360 mm时，抛撒均匀度横向变异系数为14.5%，与EDEM仿真值误差≤5%，满足有机肥撒施机的田间作业标准，仿真模型及优化参数合理。该研究可为有机肥撒施机的优化设计及抛撒性能提升提供参考。 

Experimental study on scattering performance of organic fertilizer spreader based on EDEM

In order to solve the problems of poor fluidity and difficulty of mechanical distribution of organic fertilizer, the movement model of organic fertilizer in the process of distribution was established based on the horizontal distribution machine of organic fertilizer made by ourselves, and the main factors affecting the distribution uniformity were analyzed.SSSolidWorks software was used to establish three-dimensional models of organic fertilizer and horizontal organic fertilizer spreading machine. EDEM software was used to carry out response surface design experiments with fertilizer feeding speed ratio (operation speed and scraper speed ratio), scattering roller speed and spiral blade pitch as test factors.SSDesign-expert 8.0.5 software was used to optimize the operation parameters, and simulation test and field test were carried out to verify the operation parameters.SSThe simulation results show that the primary and secondary order of affecting the lateral variation coefficient of the scattering uniformity is as follows: the pitch of the spiral blade, the rotation speed of the scattering roller and the speed ratio of fertilizer delivery;SSWhen the fertilizer rate was -16.42, the rotation speed of the spreading roller was 557.90r/min, and the pitch of the spiral blade was 365.40mm, the lateral variation coefficient of the spreading uniformity was 14%, and the error between the verified value and the predicted value was less than 5%, indicating that the response surface model was reasonable.SSThe field experiment showed that when the fertilizer speed ratio was -16.6, the rotation speed of the spout roller was 560r/min, and the pitch of the spiral blade was 360mm, the lateral variation coefficient of the spout uniformity was 14.5%, and the error was less than 5% with the simulation value of EDEM, which met the field operation standard of the organic fertilizer spout machine, and the simulation model and optimization parameters were reasonable.SSThis study can provide a reference for the optimization design and performance improvement of organic fertilizer spreader.