基于PSR系统模型的农村生态环境质量评价及优化策略研究--以新疆于田县为例

摘要：科学客观的评价于田县农村生态环境质量状况,对于田县农村经济、社会、环境协调良性发展,以及降低农村环境污染、提升农村生态环境质量具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文基于压力、状态、响应（PSR）系统模型构建于田县农村生态环境质量评价指标体系。运用熵值法、综合指数法对于田县2013—2022年农村生态环境质量进行评价分析,并通过农村生态环境质量综合指数对其进行分等定级。研究结果表明：2013—2022年于田县农村生态环境质量综合发展水平,总体呈上升趋势,生态环境质量综合指数值由0.21上升至0.71。于田县农村生态环境质量等级从“差—一般—良好”的方向不断增级。压力系统指数,整体呈现“M”型波动变化趋势。状态系统指数,呈现先增长、后下降、再增长的波动变化趋势。响应系统指数,整体呈现上升趋势,说明于田县农村生态环境优化的相关政策、措施实施有效。未来,政府应持续加大环保治理投资力度,加强农村生态环境监管,完善农村生态补偿机制,“利益相关者”坚持绿色发展理念,积极开展农村生态环境保护宣传教育,推进农村生态环境可持续发展。

Evaluation and optimization strategy of rural ecological environment quality based on PSR system model: A case study of Yutian County, Xinjiang Province

Abstract: Scientific and objective evaluation of rural ecological environment quality in Tian County has important theoretical and practical significance for the harmonious development of rural economy, society and environment, as well as the reduction of rural environmental pollution and the improvement of rural ecological environment quality. Based on the pressure, state, response (PSR) system model, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of rural ecological environment quality in Yutian County. The entropy method and comprehensive index method were used to evaluate and analyze the rural ecological environment quality from 2013 to 2022 in Yutian County, and the rural ecological environment quality comprehensive index was used to grade it. The results show that the comprehensive development level of rural eco-environmental quality in Yutian County from 2013 to 2022 shows an upward trend, and the comprehensive index value of eco-environmental quality increases from 0.21 to 0.71. The level of rural ecological environment quality in Yutian County is increasing from the direction of "poor - average - good". The pressure system index as a whole shows an "M" type fluctuation trend. The index of state system shows a fluctuating trend of first increasing, then decreasing and then increasing. In response to the system index, the overall trend showed an upward trend, indicating that the relevant policies and measures of rural ecological environment optimization in Yutian County were effectively implemented. In the future, the government should continue to increase investment in environmental governance, strengthen supervision of the rural ecological environment, improve the rural ecological compensation mechanism, "stakeholders" adhere to the concept of green development, actively carry out publicity and education on rural ecological environmental protection, and promote the sustainable development of the rural ecological environment.