农机社会化服务对玉米生产效率的影响研究——基于吉林省玉米种植户的调查数据

为探究农机社会化服务对玉米生产效率的作用效果，基于2021年对吉林省玉米种植户的微观调查数据，运用DEA-Tobit模型和分位数回归测算玉米生产效率并分析农机社会化服务对玉米生产效率的影响效果。结果表明，农机社会化服务能够显著提高玉米生产效率，但在不同服务环节上的作用效果有所差别。其中，机耕和机播环节的社会化服务对玉米生产效率具有显著的正向影响，施肥打药和机收环节的农机社会化服务对玉米生产效率影响不显著。对于不同效率水平的玉米种植户，农机社会化服务的作用效果也存在差异。因此，在推广普及农机社会化服务时，要注重规范不同生产环节的农机服务标准，以实现农业规模经营，助力农业现代化转型。

Research on the Influence of Socialized Agricultural Machinery Services on Maize Production Efficiency——Based on Survey Data of Maize Farmers in Jilin Province

With the transfer of rural labor to urban areas, the provision of socialized agricultural machinery services is developing rapidly. To investigate the effect of socialized agricultural machinery on the efficiency of maize production, based on micro survey data of maize farmers in Jilin Province in 2021, the DEA-Tobit model and quantile regression were applied to measure maize production efficiency and analyze the effect of socialized agricultural machinery services. The results showed that the socialized agricultural machinery services could significantly improve maize production efficiency, although the effects varied in different service links. Specifically, machine tillage and machine sowing services had a significant positive effect on maize production efficiency, while the socialized services of agricultural machinery in fertilization and harvesting had no significant effect on maize production efficiency. Moreover, for maize farmers with different efficiency levels, the effect of socialized agricultural machinery services also differed. Therefore, when promoting the popularization of socialized agricultural machinery services, it is crucial to standardize the service standards across different production links. This will facilitate large-scale agricultural operations and contribute to the transformation of agricultural modernization.