不同裂果易感性石榴品种果皮质构特性分析与显微结构观测

以不同裂果程度的4个石榴品种（‘大青皮甜’‘岗榴’‘秋艳’‘黑金刚’）为试验材料,利用质构仪和显微镜观察测定其果皮质构特性和组织结构特点,解析果皮质构特性和细胞结构在石榴裂果中的作用,为防治石榴裂果提供理论依据。结果表明,采用质构仪测定石榴果皮内外侧破裂力,其外侧破裂力为1050.28~1927.24 g,内侧破裂力为686.01~1526.31 g,同一品种果皮外侧破裂力显著高于内侧破裂力,内外侧破裂力比越小的品种越不易发生裂果;并且果皮紧实度越大越容易产生裂果,其中,‘秋艳’果皮紧实度最低,为85.20 g,石榴果皮紧实度与其裂果性呈负相关的关系;4个石榴品种果皮表层细胞厚度为2.23×10^-2~3.58×10^-2mm,表层细胞面积为6.76×10^-4~10.30×10^-4mm²,表层细胞厚度和面积与石榴品种裂果性无明显相关性;裂果与果皮厚度呈明显的负相关性,即果皮厚的品种容易裂果,果皮薄的品种抗裂果。

Texture Characteristics and Microstructure Observation of Exocarp from Pomegranate Varieties with Different Cracking Susceptibility

Four pomegranate varieties(‘Daqingpitian’‘Gangliu’‘Qiuyan’‘Heijingang’)with different degrees of fruit cracking were used as the experimental materials.Texture characteristics and microstructure observation of the exocarp were observed by a texture analyzer and a microscope.The correlation between the texture characteristics,exocarp structure,and pomegranate cracking susceptibility were analyzed.Hopefully the results might provide theoretical basis cracking resistant cultivar breeding and the prevention of cracking in pomegranate production.The results showed that the strength of inner and outer skin of pomegranate exocarp could be measured by the texture analyzer.The inner crack strength of exocarp ranged from 686.01 g to 1526.31 g,and the outer crack strength of exocarp ranged from 1050.28 g to 1927.24 g.The crack strength of outer in the same variety was significantly higher than that of inner.Less fruit cracking occured in the smaller ratio of inner and outer crack strength.The tightness of‘Qiuyan’pomegranate exocarp was 85.20 g.The surface cell thickness of the four pomegranate varieties was 2.23×10^-2-3.58×10^-2 mm,the surface cell area was 6.76×10^-4-10.30×10^-4 mm².There was a significant negative correlation with the thickness of pomegranate exocarp.The pomegranate varieties were resistant to crack with thinner exocarp.