小麦杂交育种早期世代间的配合力相关性研究

为模拟现代小麦育种亲本选配和早代选择实际,选用8个产量差异较大的亲本,进行不完全双列杂交,使各种不同产量水平的品种在亲本组配中相遇,研究了产量、株高、成熟期等性状的亲本本身表现与其一般配合力间及配合力在F_1至F_3世代间的相关性。结果表明,双亲的产量及相关性值对后代有良好的预见性。根据亲本产量及综合农艺性状选择亲本是比较可靠的,从而省去一些中间环节,加速育种进程,节省人力、物力。早期世代(F_1—F_3)间配合力相关分析结果表明,一般配合力在组合早代评价上有重要意义。

Compatibility Correlativity among the Early Hybridized Generations in Winter Wheat

Compatibility correlativity among early generations (F_1—F_3) in sixteen wheat crosses derived from a NC—Ⅱ design involving eight cultivars were studied. The results showed that correlative coefficient between parents performance and the effects of general combining ability (G. C. A. )and between the mid—parents performance and the mean G. C. A. effects of male and female were significant at 5%or 1% level. These indicated that the breeding value of the parents which have higher grain yield and other beneficial traits were very important to nowadays plant hybridized breeding in wheat. The correlative coefficients of G. C. A. effects between F_1&F_2, F_1&F_3, and F_2&F_3 generations in grain yield and most of other traits were signifficant at 5% or 1% level. The G. C. A. effect was one of the most important theoretical basis on evaluating the matings in early generations for wheat breeding.