景电灌区降水与气温随时间变化特征分析

为探明景电灌区近年来气候变化规律,深化对灌区气候变化的认识和理解,以甘肃省景泰县1983—2017年的降水及气温日数据为基础,运用线性倾向分析、Mann-Kendall趋势检验及小波分析等方法,研究了景电灌区降水与气温不同时间尺度的变化,并预测了灌区降水的发展趋势,结果表明:近35 a景电灌区降水量呈缓慢上升趋势,气候倾向率为0.38 mm/a,冬灌降水呈显著上升趋势,其余灌季均呈下降趋势;灌区年降水量变化存在7 a和11 a这2个主要的周期尺度;灌区近35 a平均气温和极高气温均呈显著上升趋势,气候倾向率分别为0.056,0.050 ℃/a,而极低气温上升趋势不明显;灌区各灌季平均气温均呈上升趋势.由此看出,景电灌区气候变化整体呈暖湿化趋势,灌季尺度上,仅冬灌期间呈现明显的暖湿化趋势,其余灌季呈暖干化趋势.

Analysis of precipitation and temperature characteristics with time in Jingdian Irrigation District

In order to deepen the understanding of the climate change laws in Jingdian Irrigation District in recent years, based on the precipitation and temperature data from Jingtai Meteorological Station in Gansu Province from 1983 to 2017, the variation of precipitation and temperature at different time scales were studied and the abundance of precipitation in Jingdian Irrigation District by using linear trend analysis, Mann-Kendall trend test and wavelet analysis were predicted. The results show that the precipitation show a slow increase trend, the climate tendency rate is 0.38 mm/a, the precipitation in winter irrigation showed a significant upward trend and the others showed a downward trend. There were two main periodic scales of annual precipitation change: 7 years and 11 years, respectively. The average temperature and extremely high temperature showed a significant upward trend, and the climate tendency rates were 0.056 and 0.050 ℃/a, respectively. But the trend of extremely low temperature was not obvious. The average temperature in all irrigation seasons showed a upward trend. It can be seen that the climate change in Jingdian Irrigation District showed a warm-humid trend. On irrigation season scale, winter irrigation showed an abvious warm-humid trend,but the other irrigation seasons showed a warming and drying trend.