基于改进Makkink模型的四川盆地参考作物蒸散量估算

为了有效提高四川盆地参考作物蒸散量ET₀的预报精度,选取四川盆地16个代表性气象站点1961-2019年逐日气象数据,基于差分进化算法(DE)对辐射模型的经验参数校准改进Makkink模型并估算四川盆地ET₀,在日、月尺度上对改进的Makkink模型(M1-M6)和Jennsen-Haise(JH)及Irmak(IK)模型评价.结果表明:在日尺度上,改进的Makkink(M1-M6)模型(R²为0.77~0.87)模拟结果比JH和IK模型(R²为0.74~0.76)更精确,改进的Makkink模型中,M4模型估算精度最高,综合性指标GPI中位数为1.05;在月尺度上,改进的Makkink模型模拟结果(误差为3.59~15.71 mm/月)也优于JH和IK模型(误差为6.84~25.31 mm/月),其中M4模型估算精度最佳,综合性指标GPI为1.72.总体而言,推荐以温度和相对湿度作为输入数据的M4模型模拟四川盆地ET₀.

Estimation of reference crop evapotranspiration in Sichuan Basin based on improved Makkink model

In order to effectively improve the prediction accuracy of ET₀ in the Sichuan Basin, the daily meteorological data of 16 representative meteorological stations in the Sichuan Basin from 1961 to 2019 were selected. The Makkink model was improved based on differential evolution algorithm to calibrate the empirical parameters of the radiation model, and the ET₀ in the Sichuan Basin was estimated. The improved Makkink model(M1-M6)and Jennsen-Haise(JH)and Irmak(IK)models were evaluated on daily and monthly scales. The results showed that: on the daily scale, the simulation results of the improved Makkink(M1-M6)model(R² range 0.77-0.87)are more accurate than those of JH and IK models(R² range 0.74-0.76). Among the improved Makkink model, the M4 model has the highest estimation accuracy, and the medians of comprehensive index GPI is 1.05. On the monthly scale, the simulation results of the improved Makkink model estimates the results(error range 3.59-15.71 mm/month)are better than the JH and IK models(error range 6.84-25.31 mm/month), among which the M4 model has the best estimation accuracy, and the medians of comprehensive index GPI is 1.72. In general, it is recommended that the M4 model with temperature and relative humidity as input data to calculate ET₀ in Sichuan Basin.