核主泵压力脉动及其改善方法研究进展

压力脉动是引起核主泵产生振动、噪声等不稳定现象的重要因素,严重的脉动会导致核事故的发生.随着核电事业的快速发展,为使核岛安全稳定运行,核主泵压力脉动的研究对核岛安全的意义变得极其重要.回顾近年来不同研究人员在核主泵压力脉动方面的相关研究成果,通过文献调查讨论了与压力脉动有关的研究,发现压力脉动产生因素主要是核主泵入流冲击、二次回流、动静干涉作用和气蚀等引起的流动紊乱,一般可以通过理论分析、数值模拟和模型试验的方法对核主泵压力脉动进行研究.最后,总结了近十年来核主泵在大、中、小流量工况、卡轴事故工况和失水事故工况时主泵内部各流道压力脉动研究情况,以及通过对叶轮、导叶和涡壳的结构优化改善核主泵内部流道压力脉动的方法.

Research progress of reactor coolant pump pressure fluctuation and its improvement methods

Pressure pulsation is an important factor that causes unstable phenomena such as vibration and noise in the reactor coolant pump. The strong pulsation may cause a nuclear accident. With the rapid development of the nuclear power industry, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the nuclear island, the research on the pressure pulsation of the reactor coolant pump has become extremely important to the safety of the nuclear island. Reviewing the relevant research results of diffe-rent researchers in recent years on the pressure pulsation of the reactor coolant pump, and discussing the research related to the pressure pulsation through a literature survey, it is found that the main factors of the pressure pulsation are the impact of the reactor coolant pump inflow, the secondary return flow, and the static and dynamic interference. As for flow disturbances caused by them, generally, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and model tests can be used to study the pressure pulsation of the reactor coolant pump. Finally, the current research status of pressure pulsation in each flow channel of the reactor coolant pump in the case of large, medium, and small flow rates, rotor seizure accident and loss of coolant accident in the past ten years were summerized. The method to improve the pressure pulsation of the internal flow passage of the nuclear main pump by optimizing the structure of the impeller, guide vane and volute were also concluded.