北岳恒山地道黄芪营养特征及产地土壤理化性状研究

通过对山西省北岳恒山地道黄芪主产区代表性土壤进行定点采样和分析，对地道黄芪产地土壤类型、物理性状、养分状况、营养吸收规律、土壤酶活性及微生物区系进行了研究。结果表明，地道黄芪主产地土壤发育不完全，成土母质为花岗片麻岩，土壤类型以粗骨性栗褐土和淋溶褐土为主，土壤质地为砂质壤土，土体通透性较好。另外产地土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾含量较高。营养分析结果表明，黄芪地下部分营养元素的浓度普遍都高于地上部分，而且是随着生长年限的增加，这种差异越大。另外，黄芪对N、K、Fe、Zn有明显的富集作用。土壤酶结果表明，黄芪产地土壤酶活性较高，土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性都是随着土壤深度的增加呈递减趋势，表现出明显的垂直分布层次性，而且这种层次性和土壤有机质含量的层次性相一致。黄芪产地土壤微生物的数量差异明显．细菌占绝对优势，放线菌和真菌占的比例较小。随着土壤深度的增加，细菌、放线菌和真菌的数量基本上呈下降趋势，这与土壤有机质和养分含量的层次性有明显的一致性。

Research on Soil Characteristics and Plant Nutrition of Radix astragali Plantation in Hengshan Mountain Area in North of Shanxi Province

The purpose of this study was to address the relationships among soil type, soil physical properties, soil fertility, soil enzyme activity and soil biomass to Radix astragali plantation, a traditional genuine Chinese herb, inthe Hengshan mountain areas. We collected soil samples from soil profiles over a 2-year period during 2003- 2004. The results suggested that Radix astragali plantation had a pedoecological suitability to the sandy slim soil with high content of organic matter and available K, which is patented from gneiss granite. The luxury absorption to N, K, Fe and Zn resulted in the high content of these nutrients in the underground part, which is very important for traditional genuine Chinese herbs. Analysis for soil enzyme activity showed that it vertically reduced from the upper layer to the down layer with a consistence to the organic matter content. The most composing biomass of the soil was bacteria, and the actinomyces and fungi were respectively less. In this research, the compatibly systemic soil conditions were drafted for large area development of Radix astragali plantation