含酰肼结构阿维菌素衍生物的合成及生物活性

为减少能源消耗和环境污染，提高阿维菌素B₂的实际应用价值，将阿维菌素B_2a的23-OH氧化成羰基后分别与吡啶甲酰肼、苯磺酰肼、溴代苯甲酰肼以及肼基甲酸甲酯等反应，设计合成了6个新的酰肼类阿维菌素B_2a衍生物，采用高分辨质谱 (HRMS)、核磁共振氢谱 (1H NMR) 等对新化合物的结构进行表征，并初步测试了其对小菜蛾、蚜虫及朱砂叶螨的杀虫、杀螨活性。杀虫活性测试结果表明，间溴苯甲酰肼和异烟酸酰肼阿维菌素B_2a衍生物在质量浓度为1 μg/mL时对小菜蛾的致死率分别为75%和50%，活性明显高于苯磺酰肼以及甲氧基甲酰肼阿维菌素B_2a衍生物。

Synthesis and biological activity of avermectin derivatives containing hydrazide structure

To reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution and improve the practical application value of abamectin B₂, the 23-OH was reacted with pyridine formylhydrazide, benzene sulfonyl hydrazide, brominated benzoylhydrazide and hydrazide formate after oxidized to carbonyl. Six avermectin derivatives with hydrazide structure were designed and synthesized. New compounds were confirmed by HMRS and 1H NMR and were preliminarily tested its insecticidal and acaricidal activities against diamondback moth, aphid and vermilion leaf mites. The insecticidal activities of target compounds indicated that the mortality rates of avermectin B_2a with m-bromobenzoyl hydrazine and isonicotinic hydrazine against diamondback moth at 1 μg/mL were 75% and 50%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of benzene sulfonyl hydrazide and methoxy formyl hydrazine abamectin B_2a derivatives, respectively.