祁连山青海云杉扦插繁殖技术及其生根机理研究

研究不同母株年龄（7、10、15、20和25年）、扦插类型（嫩枝、硬枝和根系）及穗条采集部位（顶端、上部、中部和下部）对青海云杉插穗扦插生根的影响,扦插前测定插穗内源激素（IAA,ABA和KT）和营养物质含量的变化,揭示其与扦插生根率的关系,结果表明：15年生青海云杉上部的嫩枝（粗度：0.5～1.0cm;长度：15cm）能有效地提高扦插生根率和降低基部腐烂率,同时增加插穗生根数和根系长度,表现出较好的扦插生根特性,内源生长素（IAA,ABA和KT）和有机营养物质（碳和氮）与青海云杉扦插生根之间存在显著相关关系。单一的某种激素、有机化合物对插穗生根没有明显的影响,青海云杉扦插生根以及生根能力的大小主要受IAA/ABA和全碳/全氮比值的调控,比值越大,其插穗生根率越高。可用IAA/ABA和全碳/全氮比值作为衡量青海云杉插穗生根能力的指标。

Cutting Propagation Technique of Picea crassifolia and Its Rooting Mechanism in Qilian Mountains

Effects of different ages （ 7,10,15,20,25-year-old）, types （ softwood, hardwood ＆ root） and position of scion plucking （top,upper,middle ＆ bottom） branches on the rooting of P. crassifolia cuttings were discussed;variation of nutrient content and endogenous hormones （ IAA, ABA ＆ KT） of cuttings were determined; the relation- ship between variation and rooting rate were revealed. Result shows that： upper branches of the softwood cuttings for 15 year-old Picea crassifolia （cutting thickness being 0.5-1.0 era,cutting length being 15 cm） not only can effec- tively increase rooting rate ＆ decrease root rot rate, but also can improve the rooting number and rooting length, showing optimal growth performance. There was a significant correlation among endogenous hormones （ IAA, ABA KT） ,organic nutrients （carbon and nitrogen） ＆ Picea crassifolia. Single certain hormones ＆organic compounds have no significant influence on euttage rooting;the euttage rooting ＆ rooting ability of Picea crassifolia were regulated by IAA/ABA ＆ TC/TN ratio; the more the ratio is, the higher the cuttage is; IAA/ABA and TC/TN ratio can be considered as a important index to measure the rooting ability of P. crassifolia cuttings.