苯氧威对斑马鱼不同发育阶段急性毒性及胚胎卵黄囊仔鱼阶段慢性毒性作用

为了解苯氧威对斑马鱼的毒性作用,采用半静态方法,研究了苯氧威对斑马鱼不同发育阶段的急性毒性。结果表明:苯氧威对斑马鱼胚胎、孵化12 h和72 h的仔鱼以及成鱼的96 h-LC50值分别为2.35、0.98、1.87和1.67 mg/L,其对斑马鱼成鱼具有中等毒性;苯氧威对斑马鱼胚胎的自主运动、心率、孵化率、仔鱼体长等亚致死效应指标均有影响,并使得胚胎出现了心包囊肿、脊柱弯曲及无黑色素附着等畸形现象。进一步研究了苯氧威对斑马鱼胚胎卵黄囊仔鱼阶段的慢性毒性作用。结果显示:苯氧威对斑马鱼胚胎24 h自主运动、48 h心率、72 h畸形率及11 d孵化仔鱼体长均有不同程度的抑制作用,其最低可观测效应浓度(LOEC)值分别为0.60、0.20、0.60和0.80 mg/L,而与之对应的无可观测效应浓度(NOEC)值分别为0.40、0.10、0.40和0.60 mg/L。试验中还发现:苯氧威对斑马鱼胚胎孵化有明显抑制作用;心率是斑马鱼胚胎卵黄囊仔鱼阶段毒性试验最敏感的观察指标。

Acute toxicity of fenoxycarb to zebrafish(Brachydanio rerio) at different development stages and chronic toxicity to embryo and sac-fry stage

In order to provide information for the safety and rational use of fenoxycarb, the acute toxicity of fenoxycarb to different development stages of zebrafish(Brachydanio rerio) was investigated by semi-static method. Results showed that the 96 h LC₅₀ values of fenoxycarb were 2.35,0.98,1.87 and 1.67 mg/L for embryo, 12 h-old larva, 72 h-old larva and adult of zebrafish, respectively. There were also some sublethal and teratogenic effects observed. Fenoxycarb could affect the spontaneous movements, heart rate,hatching rate of embryo and the body length of hatched larvae, as well as cause pericardial edema, axial malformation and unnormal develpoment of melanocytes in the embryo of zebrafish. The chronic toxicity of fenoxycarb to zebrafish embryo and sac-fry stage was further studied. According to different endpoints tested, the lowest observed effect concentration(LOEC)values of fenoxycarb to 24 h spontaneous movements, 48 h heart rate,72 h teratogenic rate and the body length of 11 d hatched larvae of embryo and sac-fry stage were 0.60, 0.20, 0.60, 0.80 mg/L, respectively, and the no observed effect concentration(NOEC)values were 0.40, 0.10, 0.40, 0.60 mg/L, respectively; Inhibition on the hatching of zebrafish embryos by fenoxycarb was observed. The results suggested that the heart rate of zebrafish embryo was the most sensitive endpoint for chronic toxicity test of fenoxycarb.