仿形弹性镇压辊设计与试验

针对保护性耕作条件下与大豆耕播机配套的镇压辊压实土壤不均匀、相关耕播机具纵向尺寸过长的问题,设计了一种仿形弹性镇压辊,采用弹性辐条结构,通过理论分析确定了镇压辊的主要结构参数:直径D=450 mm,宽度B=210 mm,弹性辐条数量n=12。利用ADAMS软件对镇压辊进行运动仿真,同时进行土槽试验,采用L9(34)正交试验,在土壤干基含水率为20%时,考察了仿形弹性镇压辊的弹簧刚度k、载荷F、作业速度v和土壤坚实度P对其镇压力波动的影响。通过ADAMS运动仿真,找到了各因素的最佳取值范围;通过正交试验,得到了各因素的主次顺序:载荷、弹簧刚度、土壤坚实度、作业速度,最优组合为载荷800 N,弹簧刚度5 N/mm,土壤坚实度15 k Pa,作业速度0.5 m/s,模拟仿真的结果与试验结果吻合很好。通过对比试验,得到仿形弹性镇压辊在垄台表面有一定倾角的情况下能更好地保证镇压的均匀性。

Design and Experiment of Profiling Elastic Press Roller

Considering the deficiencies in uneven soil compaction and the too long vertical size that exists in the soybean tillage sowing machine during conservation tillage, the profiling elastic press roller which adopts the elastic spoke structure was designed. The main structure parameters of the press roller were determined through theoretical analysis, which means diameter D of 450mm, breadth B of 210mm and number of spokes n of 12. The work process of the roller was simulated by using the ADAMS software, at the same time, orthogonal tests of L9(34) were performed in an indoor soil bin with moisture content (dry basis) of 20%. The effects of spring stiffness coefficient (k), total loads (F), operation speed (v) and soil compactness (P) on pressure fluctuation were determined. The optimum ranges of each factor were determined through the ADAMS motion simulation. The results of orthogonal tests showed the primacy sequence of the experiment factors were total loads, spring stiffness coefficient, soil compactness, the operation speed, and optimal levels of the experiment factors were F of 800N,k of 5N/mm,P of 15kPa and v of 0.5m/s. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results in the pressure fluctuations. Under the condition of a certain inclination angle on the ridge surface, the profiling elastic press roller can better ensure uniformity of soil compaction than that of conventional roller.