四川青衣江、岷江流域鹅观草遗传多样性的溶蛋白分析

用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)技术对采自青衣江流域和岷江流域的97份鹅观草材料的种子醇溶蛋白进行了分析。在对四川青衣江、岷江流域鹅观草居群的醇溶蛋白分析中,鹅观草材料醇溶蛋白带谱存在显著差异,共出现27个条带,其中多态性条带25条,占总条带数的92.59%;鹅观草的遗传相似性与其地理分布较为一致,表现在:1)青衣江、岷江流域鹅观草总遗传多样性指数为0.345 1,其中青衣江流域鹅观草遗传多样性指数为0.340 0,岷江流域鹅观草遗传多样性指数为0.310 0,表明青衣江流域鹅观草比岷江流域存在更为丰富的遗传变异,多样性指数更高;但流域间遗传分化系数仅为0.04,表明两江流域间遗传分化较小;各居群间遗传变异系数达0.326,表明总遗传多样性的32.6%来自居群间。2)在同一流域不同居群也存在遗传分化,其中青衣江流域各居群(除峨眉山居群分散聚在各居群外)能聚在一起;而岷江流域各居群在成都平原区段互相渗透,但能以上、中、下游区段聚开;青衣江流域各居群中以蒙山居群遗传多样性指数最高,达0.339 8,洪雅居群最低,仅0.094 7;岷江流域上游居群多样性指数最高,为0.301 7,而下游以乐山居群遗传多样性指数最低,为0.131 7。3)同一居群内鹅观草存在遗传变异,两江流域以蒙山居群变异最大,多样性指数最高。对居群遗传多样性的研究还表明,鹅观草垂直分布的遗传多样性高于水平分布;在成都平原居群由于生境片断化,导致岷江流域鹅观草生境片断化后小居群遗传分化增加,而整个成都平原“大居群”遗传多样性降低。

Genetic diversity of Roegniera kamoji between and within populations in the Mingjiang and Qingyijiang river valleys as revealed by gliadin

The genetic diversity of 97 germplasms of Roegneria kamoji from eight populations in the Qingyijiang and Mingjiang river valleys was analysed by gliadin A-PAGE.The results showed that: 1) A total of 27 gliadin bands were separated by electrophoresis,of which 25(92.59%) showed polymorphisms.There were 86 different gliadin patterns in the 99 germplasms,of which 77 were unique;2) Germplasms were not significantly clustered at the level of valleys,but most material could be separated into 2 classes at sub-valley level,although there was great genetic diversity between the two river valley populations.The total genetic diversity index was 0.345 1,with that of the Qingyijiang river valley(0.340 0) was higher than that of the Mingjiang river valley(0.310 0),indicating that material from the former possessed the higher variance and genetic diversity;3) There was abundant variation among populations in valleys.In the Qingyijiang river valley,populations could be significantly clustered except for the Emei population.The Menshan population had the most abundant genetic diversity(0.339 8) and the Hongyis the least(0.094 7).In the Mingjiang river valley,materials could be clustered based on upriver,middle reach and downriver.The upriver population had the greatest genetic diversity(0.301 7),while the downriver population had the least(0.131 7);4)There were also great differences within each population.The relationship between differentiation of R.kamoji and geography and physiognomy are discussed.