甘蓝型油菜不育细胞质遗传效应的研究

Ｐｏ１ＣＭＳ、Ｓ２Ａ和ＭＩＣＭＳ三种不育细胞质遗传效应的研究结果表明，油菜不育胞质对杂种一代主要农艺性状表现负效应趋势．但不同来源的胞质在不同性状上的遗传效应有明显的组合特异性，其遗传效应不仅与不育胞质的类型有关．还和保持系、恢复系的核基因及其互作有关。在所研究的核背景下，Ｐｏ１ＣＭＳ不育胞质的遗传效应明显优于Ｓ２Ａ和ＭＩＣＭＳ。通过选用优良不育胞质和合理选配组合，可以把不育胞质的负效应降到最小限度。

STUDIES ON GENETIC EFFECTS OF MALE STERILE CYTOPLASM IN HYBRID RAPESEED(BRASSICA NAPUS L.)

Studies were conducted on the genetic effects of three male sterile cytoplasm types, Po1CmS, S2A and MICMS, on thirteen agronomic characters in F1 hybrids. Results showed that there were the trends of negative effects of the male sterile cytoplasm on those such as plant height, length of main raceme, siliquae per plant, length of siliqua, seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant. The genetic effects of different types of cytoplasm appeared combining speciality obviously. It were not only related to the difference of male sterile cytoplasm,but also to the nuclear genes of maintaning line,restoring line,and their interactions as well. For the nuclear background involved in this studies,the genetic effects of Po1 CMS were much better than those of S2A and MICMS. In rapeseed hybridization, it is possible to minimize the negative genetic effects of male sterile cytoplasm through screening sterile lines with good male sterile cytoplasm and properly combining male sterile line and restoring line.