白三叶叶片水浸提液对几种园林植物的化感作用

采用砂培法研究了不同质量浓度白三叶Trifolium repens叶片水浸提液对一串红Salvia splendens,香雪球Lobularia maritime,石竹Dianthus chinensis,高羊茅Festuca arundinacea和马蹄金Dichondra repens等幼苗生长、根系活力、叶绿素质量分数以及抗氧化保护酶活性的影响,并采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对白三叶叶片水浸提液化学成分进行了分析。结果表明:白三叶叶片水浸提液对一串红、香雪球、石竹、高羊茅和马蹄金幼苗生长有明显的影响,其中,50 g·L-1白三叶叶片水浸提液处理5种园林植物幼苗,对其生长指标有极显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),其幼苗根系活力分别降低了24.0%,42.8%,51.6%,16.1%和14.9%,幼苗叶绿素质量分数分别下降了13.6%,43.1%,30.5%,57.1%和13.8%。当处理质量浓度为25 g·L-1时,对5种园林植物幼苗体内过氧化物酶(POD),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性有显著的促进作用(P<0.01);当白三叶叶片水浸提液质量浓度增加到50 g·L-1时,对5种园林植物幼苗体内POD,SOD和CAT活性有极显著抑制作用(P<0.01),同时使幼苗体内丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度极显著增加(P<0.01)。白三叶叶片水浸提液有42种化合物,主要成分是4-羟基-紫罗兰酮(16.4%),乙酸异戊酯(11.0%),二氢香豆酮(9.6%),乙烯基愈创木酚(7.4%),喇叭茶醇(6.4%),菖蒲酮(5.5%),麦芽酚(4.9%),紫罗兰酮环氧化物(4.7%)和2-羟基-6-甲基苯甲醛(4.2%),合计占到总量的70.1%。图7表2参31

Research of the aquatic extract from leaves of Trifolium repensto several garden plants

In order to understand the interaction of Trifolium repens with other garden plants，we studied the effects of the aquatic extract from leaves of T. repens on the growth，root activity，chlorophyll content，and antioxidant defense system in seedlings of Salvia splendens，Lobularia maritime，Dianthus chinensis，Festuca arundinacea and Dichondra repens using sand culture method，and analyzed the chemical components of the extract using GC-MS. Results showed that the aquatic extract from leaves of T. repens had significant allelopathic effects on seedling growth in S. splendens, L. maritime，D. chinensis，F. arundinacea and D. repens. The seedling growth index in S. splendens, L. maritime，D. chinensis，F. arundinacea and D. repens was highly significantly inhibited （P＜0.05） by treatment with 50 g·L^－1 of the aquatic extract；the root activity in the seedlings of the five garden plants were reduced by 24.0%，42.8%，51.6%，16.1% and 14.9%，respectively， and the chlorophyll content in these five garden plants were reduced by 13.6%，43.1%，30.5%, 57.1%，and 13.8%，respectively，compared with the control. At 5 g·mL^－1，the extract significantly increased the activities of peroxidase（POD），superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） in S. splendens，L. maritime, D. chinensis，F. arundinacea and D. repens; when aquatic extract from leaves of T. repens up to 50 g·L^－1，it reduced the activities of those enzymes in five garden plants，while significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde（MDA） in the seedling of the garden plants. 42 compounds were identified in the aquatic extract from leaves of T. repens. The main compounds were 4-hydroxy-ionone（16.4%），isoamyl acetate（11.0%），dihydrocoumarone（9.6%），p-vinylguaiacol（7.4%），palustrol（6.4%），shyobunone（5.5%），maltol （4.9%），ionone epoxide（4.7%），and benzaldehyde，2-hydroxy-6-methyl-（4.2%），which all together accounted for 70.1 % of the total. ［Ch，7 fig. 2 tab. 31 ref.］