叶用芥菜小孢子离体培养条件

以5个叶用芥菜Brassica juncea var. foliosa品种为试材, 研究了游离小孢子培养过程中基因型、低温预处理、高温热激、更新及加液和秋水仙碱等对小孢子胚状体发生的影响。结果表明:有4个品种获得胚状体, 各品种间胚状体产量存在显著差异, ‘特选九心芥’胚产量最高;4℃低温预处理24~48 h及33~34℃高温热激处理24~48 h对诱导胚状体发生和发育有促进作用;更新和添加培养基处理也可促进胚状体发生, 以质量浓度为170.0 g·L-1的蔗糖起始培养48 h后添加等质量浓度90.0 g·L-1蔗糖培养基处理效果最佳;1~10 mg·L-1秋水仙碱24~48 h处理可提高小孢子培养反应, 增加供试材料胚产量。

In vitro microspore culture of leaf mustard

In order to improve the isolated microspore culture system in Brassica juncea var. foliosa, five different genotypes of Brassica juncea var. foliosa were used to investigate the contribution of genotype, cool-pretreatment, heat shock, medium replacement and addition, as well as concentration of colchicine on microspore embryogenesis in vitro. Results showed that embryoids were obtained from four genotypes, and significant differences （P＜0.05, Duncan’s MRT） were observed for embryo yield with the highest yield being ‘Texuan-jiuxin’. For all cultivars, 24-48 h of cool-pretreatment at 4 ℃ and heat shock at 33-34 ℃ improved embryo yields. Also, medium addition and replacement enhanced microspore embryogenesis with the best treatment using a constant volume for a 90.0 g·L^-1 sucrose medium supplemented to a 170.0 g·L^-1 sucrose concentration medium after 48 h. In addition, treating the freshly isolated microspore with 1-10 mg·L^-1 colchicine for 24-48 h greatly improved（P＜0.05, Duncan’s MRT）embryo yields of the four cultivars. The present results could be used to obtain haploid efficiently for the plant breeding and basic research in Brassica juncea var. foliosa. ［Ch， 1 fig. 5 tab. 19 ref.］