基于生态需求的城市绿地系统生态设计方法与应用——以辽宁省海城市为例

文中分析了海城市绿地系统现状,指出该区域内绿地系统存在着总量低、空间分布不均匀、绿化配置结构单一、整体生态服务功能低下等问题。从满足滞纳粉尘、SO2净化和维持碳氧平衡等生态需求的角度出发,综合分析得出海城市绿地覆盖率应达到40%~45%才能基本满足改善城市生态环境的需要;提出在绿地总量控制的前提下,通过增加绿地面积、优化树种配植结构、合理布局绿地生态空间等措施,提高绿地生态系统的服务功能,以充分发挥绿地在改善海城市生态环境和维护城市生态安全中的作用。

Design and Application of Urban Greenland System Based on Ecological Demand Analysis——A case Study in Haicheng City, Liaoning Province

The research analyzed the status of urban greenland system of Haicheng City.The results indicated that relative lower biomass,asymmetric plants collocation,simplex species composition,and lower service capacity occured in Haicheng city greenland.To investigate the ecological demands of the city,calculations of dust deposition,SO2 purification and carbon-monoxy balance were made as effect factors According to the calculations,three potential greenland coverages: 58.6%,60.3% and 45.2% were estimated.With integrated analysis using the potential coverage and the relative greenland construction index of the city,the lowest effective coverage of 40%～45% should be achieved for improving urban environment.The research also showed that several approaches such as increasing coverage,improving species composition,reforming spatial distribution can be adopted although there has the restriction in greenland coverage controlling.These measures can effectively improve greenland ecosystem services,meliorate the environmental conditions,and sustain urban ecological safety.