Effect of manganese on the resistance of tomato to Pseudocercospora fuligena |
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Authors: | Gregor Heine Johannes F J Max Hendrik Führs Diana W Moran‐Puente Dimitri Heintz Walter J Horst |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Plant Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenh?user Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany;2. Present address: Landwirtschaftskammer NRW, Gartenbauzentrum Straelen/K?ln Auweiler, Gartenstra?e 11, 50765 K?ln, Germany;3. Present address: Bayer CropScience AG, Industrial Park Hoechst, 65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;4. Plate‐forme Métabolomique, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes (IBMP), CNRS‐UPR2357, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Botanique, 28, rue Goethe, 67083 Strasbourg cedex, France |
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Abstract: | Black leaf mold caused by Pseudocercospora fuligena is an important fungal disease of tomato in Southeast Asia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the control of this disease using high manganese (Mn) applied to the root substrate and to evaluate the role of the leaf apoplast in plant response to fungal infection. In a nethouse experiment in Thailand, Mn above the optimum for plant growth but below toxicity increased resistance of tomato plants to black leaf mold. Enhanced resistance caused by Mn was also obtained when tomato plants were grown under controlled conditions in a mist chamber and artificially inoculated with the fungus. Manganese significantly increased plant peroxidases in the leaf apoplast. The highest peroxidase activity was measured when plants were inoculated with Pseudocercospora fuligena. Defense‐related proteins in the leaf apoplast increased when plants were inoculated with Pseudocercospora fuligena but not when treated with high Mn. It is concluded that Mn above the optimum level for plant growth can contribute to the control of Pseudocercospora fuligena in tomato. The Mn effect on disease resistance is associated with the activation of plant peroxidases in the leaf apoplast. A systemic response, possibly mediated by NADH peroxidase activity, also seems to trigger disease resistance in leaves with low Mn concentrations. |
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Keywords: | black leaf mold fungal diseases protected cultivation Solanum lycopersicum systemic response |
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