12个粳稻新不育系的配合力及利用价值评价

以12个新育成的BT型粳稻不育系和8个恢复系为亲本，采用p×q不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)设计，对其F1代13个农艺性状的配合力进行了分析。除单株穗数的特殊配合力方差不显著外，所有性状的一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均达到极显著水平。所测性状主要受亲本一般配合力的影响，主穗实粒数、结实率、单株产量和收获指数受组合特殊配合力的作用较突出。穗长、穗颈长、结实率和收获指数受不育系的影响较大，其余性状均受恢复系的影响较大。亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力是相互独立的。一般配合力和特殊配合力与杂种优势呈极显著正相关。不育系以六盐A、丹阳941A、98G26A、99 9A、香粳8016A和95122A较好，有较大的应用潜力；恢复系以C418、J16、晚161和C76较好。

Combining Ability and Utilization of Twelve New Male Sterile Lines in japonica Hybrid Rice

The combining ability for 13 agronomic characters was studied with 12 new BT type japonica male sterile lines and 8 restorer lines by the way of p×q incomplete diallel cross (NCⅡ) design. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of all the characteristics were significant at 1% level except for the number of panicles per plant, in which the SCA was not significant. GCA was more important than SCA for most characteristics. SCA for the number of filled grains of main panicle, seed setting rate, grain weight per plant and harvest index was greater compared to other characterisitics. The other characteristics were influenced more greatly by restorer lines than by male sterile lines, except panicle length, panicle neck length, seed setting rate and harvest index. GCA and SCA effects were independent of each other. There was a significantly positive relationship between the combining ability and heterosis. Based on the GCA and SCA of the parents, male sterile lines Liuyan A, Danyang 941A, 98G26A, 99 9A, Xiangjing 8016A, 95122A and restorer lines C418, J16, Wan 161, C76 were recommendable.