4种常用水产药物对西杂鲟幼鱼的急性毒性试验

在水温20~25℃条件下,采用静水试验法研究了聚维酮碘、溴氯海因、氯化钠和高锰酸钾等4种常用水产药物对西杂鲟幼鱼(平均体长11.40 cm,平均体质量10.10 g)的急性毒性。结果显示,聚维酮碘对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为8.81、8.50、8.34、8.17 mg/L,安全质量浓度(SC)为2.37 mg/L;溴氯海因对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度分别为0.98、0.95、0.94、0.91 mg/L,SC为0.27 mg/L;氯化钠对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度分别为13954.78、13545.83、13292.42、13139.48 mg/L,SC为3829.06 mg/L;高锰酸钾对西杂鲟幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死质量浓度分别为2.94、2.89、2.82、2.77 mg/L,SC为0.84 mg/L。试验结果表明,聚维酮碘和氯化钠对西杂鲟幼鱼的安全质量浓度高于生产中的常用剂量,聚维酮碘可作为生产上的首选药物,氯化钠可放心使用但使用剂量不宜过高;高锰酸钾对西杂鲟幼鱼具有一定的毒性,使用后应适当投喂添加抗氧化剂和保肝的药物;溴氯海因对西杂鲟幼鱼的安全浓度低于生产常用剂量,因此不建议在养殖生产中使用。

Acute toxicity of four conventional aquatic chemicals on juvenile hybrid sturgeon

The acute toxicities of povidone iodine(PVP-I),bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin(BCDMH),sodium chloride(NaCl)and potassium permanganate(KMnO 4)on juvenile hybrid sturgeon were studied at water temperature of 20~25℃using a static bioassay test.The results showed that the lethal dose 50%(LC 50)values of juvenile hybrid sturgeon induced by PVP-I at 24,48,72 and 96 h treatments were 8.81,8.50,8.34 and 8.17 mg/L respectively,and the safe concentration(SC)value was 2.37 mg/L.The LC 50 values of juvenile hybrid sturgeon induced by BCDMH at 24,48,72 and 96 h treatments were 0.98,0.95,0.94 and 0.91 mg/L respectively,and the SC value was 0.27 mg/L.The LC 50 value of juvenile hybrid sturgeon induced by NaCl at 24,48,72 and 96 h treatments were 13954.78,13545.83,13292.42 and 13139.48 mg/L respectively,and the SC value was 3829.06 mg/L.The LC 50 value of juvenile hybrid sturgeon induced by KMnO 4 at 24,48,72 and 96 h treatments were 2.94,2.89,2.82 and 2.77 mg/L respectively,and the SC value was 0.84 mg/L.The findings indicated that the safety concentration of PVP-I and NaCl on juvenile hybrid sturgeon were higher than the concentration recommended by disinfectant manufacture,and its tolerance was superior to common cultured fishes.Thus,PVP-I can be preferentially used as drug in daily usage,and NaCl also can be safely used within appropriate concentration.KMnO 4 induces certain damage to fish,the drugs with antioxidative and liver protective activities could be used properly to prevent the damage.BCDMH was not recommended to use as its safety concentration on juvenile was lower than the commonly used dose.