Use of register data to assess the association between use of antimicrobials and outbreak of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in Danish pig herds |
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| Authors: | Håkan Vigre Ian R Dohoo Henrik Stryhn Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen |
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| Institution: | 1. The National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bülowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen C, Denmark;2. Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada C1A 4P3;1. Clinic for Swine at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany;2. Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;3. Institute for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;1. Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;2. Division of Swine Medicine of the Department for Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;3. Division of Veterinary Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, ‘International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3’, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. R&D Department, CICAP – Agrifood Research Centre, 14400 Pozoblanco, Córdoba, Spain;3. Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;4. VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;5. Anatomy and Comparative Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, ‘International Excellence Agrifood Campus, CeiA3’, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;1. Oklahoma State University Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;2. Oklahoma State University, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;1. Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;2. Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea;3. Food Research Institute, OURHOME Company, Gyunggi, South Korea;4. Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea;1. Unit of Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;2. Pharma.be, Belgian Association for the Pharmaceutical Industry, 1170 Brussels, Belgium;3. Animal Health Care Flanders, 9000 Drongen, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | In 2001, the first case of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) was reported in the Danish pig population. During subsequent years, the number of affected farms increased exponentially. The aim of this study was to determine how this increase influenced the use of antimicrobials between 2002 and 2004. We used national register data of herd characteristics, antimicrobial usage and disease occurrence. The analysis included data on antimicrobial usage in 3371 pig herds with weaners and 7434 pig herds with finishers, which accounted for 56 and 82% of the national amount of antimicrobials prescribed to weaners (prescribed by 347 practitioners) and finishers (prescribed by 522 practitioners), respectively.The estimation of the effect of PMWS was done by comparing the amount of antimicrobials (measured as Animal Defined Daily Doses (ADDkg) used per pig-day at risk each month in each herd) used in herds before and after an outbreak of PMWS, and by comparing the amount of antimicrobials used in herds experiencing PMWS with the amount of antimicrobials used in herds not experiencing PMWS. The effects were estimated in a three-level (veterinarian/herd/study-month) linear mixed regression model with an autoregressive correlation of order 1 (AR1).We found that after a herd had experienced an outbreak of PMWS, the antimicrobial usage in weaners was increased for a year. During the first 3 months post outbreak the usage increased by 22%, followed by an increase of 7% during the next 4th to 12th month when compared to the pre-outbreak usage. There was a significant variation between herds in this effect. Additionally, in herds experiencing an outbreak of PMWS, the usage of antimicrobials before the outbreak was 37 and 19% higher in herds with weaners and finishers, respectively, compared to herds not experiencing PMWS.Generalisation of the results to the entire Danish pig population indicated that the increase of PMWS infected herds from almost zero to about 20% during a 4-year period resulted in a national increase of 4–5% in antimicrobials usage in weaners. The effect of PMWS on usage of antimicrobials in finishers was unclear. |
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