饲粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌和解淀粉芽孢杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能及血液指标的影响

【目的】研究饲粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌和解淀粉芽孢杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、血常规、血清生化及抗炎抗氧化指标的影响。【方法】选取108头28日龄杜长大断奶仔猪，按体重分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复6头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，其余两组分别在基础饲粮中添加1 g/kg地衣芽孢杆菌、1 g/kg解淀粉芽孢杆菌，试验期28 d。在试验第14和28天，空腹称重并计算采食量，每个重复选取2头仔猪，前腔静脉采血并用血细胞分析仪和试剂盒方法测定血常规及血清生化指标。【结果】各组断奶仔猪之间的平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。与对照组相比，解淀粉芽孢杆菌组断奶仔猪的腹泻率显著降低（P＜0.05）；地衣芽孢杆菌组和解淀粉芽孢杆菌组断奶仔猪第14天血液淋巴细胞百分含量均显著升高，白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、丙二醛含量及乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶活性均显著降低（P＜0.05）；解淀粉芽孢杆菌组断奶仔猪第14天血液中碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低，血红蛋白含量显著升高，第28天血液中IL-2含量显著降低，总蛋白、球蛋白含量均显著升高（P＜0.05）。【结论】饲粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌或解淀粉芽孢杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能无显著影响，但能够改善仔猪血液指标，保护肝脏功能，且添加解淀粉芽孢杆菌还可以提高仔猪新陈代谢，降低仔猪腹泻率。

Effects of Dietary Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Growth Performance and Blood Indicators of Weaned Piglets

【Objective】 This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplementation on the growth performance,blood routine,serum biochemical indicators and antioxidant and inflammation indexes of weaned piglets.【Method】 A total of 108 28-day-old weaned piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) were selected and divided into 3 groups according to body weight,with 6 replicates per group and 6 piglets per replicate.The piglets in control group were fed with basal diet,and the other two groups were supplemented with 1 g/kg Bacillus licheniformis or 1 g/kg Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the basal diet.The experiment lasted for 28 days.At the 14th and 28th days,fasting piglets were weighed and piglets intake were calculated,two piglets were selected from each replication,and the plasma samples were collected from the anterior vena cava,the blood parameters were detected by hematology analyzer and kit.【Result】 There were no significant difference in average daily gain (ADG),average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain ratio (F/G) among three experiment groups (P>0.05).Compared with control group,the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).At the 14th day,the percentage of blood lymphocytes percentage of weaned piglets in Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens groups were significantly increased,while the contents of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and malondialdehyde (MDA),and the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).At the 14th day,the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of weaned piglets in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens group was significantly decreased,while the hemoglobin was significantly increased (P＜0.05).At the 28th day,the content of IL-2 of weaned piglets in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens group was significantly decreased,while the contents of total protein and globulin were significantly increased (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 The supplement of Bacillus licheniformis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens had no outstanding effects on the growth performance,but it could improve the blood biochemical indicators and protect the liver of weaned piglets,and the supplement of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens could also improve the metabolism of piglets and decrease the diarrhea rate of piglets.