拜城油鸡FSHR基因多态性及其与生产性能的关联分析

【目的】探究促卵泡激素受体(follicle stimulating hormone receptor,FSHR)基因多态性与拜城油鸡产蛋性状、蛋品质及孵化性能的关系,为选育高生产性能的种鸡提供新的分子标记。【方法】以129只拜城油鸡为研究对象,利用DNA混池重测序技术筛选SNPs位点,采取Sequenom飞行时间质谱技术进行相关位点分型,通过SPSS 26.0软件的一般线性模型进行FSHR基因多态性与拜城油鸡生产性能的关联分析。【结果】FSHR基因外显子1上存在2个SNPs位点:SNP1(g.7640519 C＞A)、SNP2(g.7640639 T＞C);外显子4和5上分别存在1个SNP位点:SNP3(g.7692270 C＞T)、SNP4(g.7698478 A＞G);外显子10上存在3个SNPs位点:SNP5(g.7716725 G＞C)、SNP6(g.7715900 A＞G)、SNP7(g.7716470 T＞C),除SNP6外,检出率均在90%以上。SNP1位点仅检测到2个基因型:CC和CA,CC为优势基因型;SNP2、SNP3和SNP7位点均存在3种基因型:TT、TC和CC;SNP4位点存在3种基因型:AA、AG和GG;SNP5位点存在3种基因型:CC、CG和GG。相关分析结果表明,SNP2位点CC基因型个体开产日龄极显著高于TT基因型(P＜0.01),显著高于CT基因型(P＜0.05);TT基因型个体蛋重显著高于CT基因型(P＜0.05),入孵蛋死胚率显著高于CC基因型(P＜0.05)。SNP3位点TT基因型个体蛋壳厚度显著高于CC基因型(P＜0.05)。SNP5位点CG基因型个体300日龄总产蛋量极显著高于CC和GG基因型(P＜0.01),300日龄平均蛋重和开产蛋重均显著高于GG基因型(P＜0.05),开产体重显著高于CC基因型(P＜0.05);GG基因型个体蛋壳厚度显著低于CC和CG基因型(P＜0.05)。SNP7位点TT基因型个体开产蛋重和个体蛋重均显著高于CC和CT基因型(P＜0.05),蛋白高度和蛋黄重均显著高于CT基因型(P＜0.05),哈氏单位值极显著高于CC和CT基因型(P＜0.01)。【结论】FSHR基因SNP5(g.7716725 G＞C)位点CG基因型可作为影响拜城油鸡产蛋性能的标记基因型,SNP7(g.7716470 T＞C)位点TT基因型可作为影响拜城油鸡蛋品质的优势基因型。

Analysis of Polymorphisms of FSHR Gene and Its Association with Production Performance of Baicheng You Chickens

【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the polymorphisms of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene and egg-laying traits,egg quality and hatching performance of Baicheng You chickens,so as to provide new molecular markers for the breeding of high-performance breeders.【Method】 Taking 129 Baicheng You chickens as the research objects,the SNPs were screened by DNA mixed pool resequencing technology,and the related loci were genotyped by Sequenom time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology,and the correlation between the polymorphism of FSHR gene and production performance of Baicheng You chickens was analyzed by the general linear model of SPSS 26.0 software.【Result】 There were two SNPs in exon 1 of FSHR gene:SNP1 (g.7640519 C>A)、SNP2 (g.7640639 T>C),and one SNP in exons 4 and 5:SNP3(g.7692270 C>T) and SNP4(g.7698478 A>G),there were three SNPs in exon 10:SNP5 (g.7716725 G>C),SNP6(g.7715900 A>G) and SNP7 (g.7716470 T>C).With the exception of SNP6,the detection rates were above 90%.Only two genotypes (CC and CA) were present at SNP1,with CC being the dominant genotype,three genotypes (TT,TC,and CC) were present at SNP2,SNP3 and SNP7,three genotypes (AA,AG and GG) were present at SNP4,three genotypes (CC,CG and GG) were present at SNP5. The results of polymorphism analysis showed that the age of first egg of CC genotype at SNP2 was extremely significantly higher than that of TT genotype (P<0.01), and significantly higher than that of CT genotype (P<0.05); The egg weight of TT genotype was significantly higher than that of CT genotype (P<0.05), and the dead embryo rate of setting eggs was significantly higher than that of CC genotype (P<0.05). The shell thickness of TT genotype at SNP3 was significantly higher than that of CC genotype (P<0.05). The total egg mass at 300 days old of CG genotype at SNP5 was extremely significantly higher than that of CC and GG genotypes (P<0.01), the average egg weight at 300 days old and weiht at first egg were significantly higher than that of GG genotype (P<0.05), the body weight at first egg was significantly higher than that of CC genotype (P<0.05), and the shell thickness of GG genotype was significantly lower than that of CC and CG genotypes (P<0.05). The weight at first egg and individual egg weight of TT genotype at SNP7 were significantly higher than that of CC and CT genotypes (P<0.05), the albumen height and yolk weight were significantly higher than that of CT genotype (P<0.05), and the Haugh unit values were extremely significantly higher than that of CC and CT genotypes (P<0.01).【Conclusion】 The CG genotype at SNP5 (g.7716725 G>C) of FSHR gene could be used as the marker genotype that affected the egg-laying performance of Baicheng You chickens,and TT genotype at SNP7 (g.7716470 T>C) of FSHR gene could be used as the dominant genotype that affected the eggs quality of Baicheng You chickens.