太湖流域非点源污染负荷估算系统的设计与应用

非点源污染是太湖流域水环境污染的主要来源,定量研究太湖流域非点源污染负荷,可为非点源污染的预报与防治提供决策依据.传统非点源污染负荷研究中GIS与非点源污染模型松散式结合的方式存在数据管理与转换工作量大的问题,尝试采用嵌合模式设计和开发太湖流域非点源污染负荷估算系统.介绍了系统的结构与功能,分析了系统主要功能模块-SCS模型、USLE模型和非点源污染负荷模型的实现流程.基于该系统进行了无锡市2005年非点源污染TN负荷的估算,结果显示其负荷总量为8 014.43 t.农业生产和生活污水的排放是该区非点源污染的主要来源.系统的应用表明其简化了模型计算的复杂过程,结果能够较客观地反映研究区域的非点源污染状况及其与土地利用的关系,具有较强的实用性.

Design and Application of Non-point Source Pollution Load Estimating System in Taihu Lake Basin

Non-point source pollution is the main origin of water pollution in the Taihu Lake basin.Quantitative study of non-point source pollution load can provide decision supports to its forecast,prevention and treatment.In traditional study,GIS and non-point source pollution models were integrated in the loose coupling way that has the defects of a large amount of data management and transform works.An estimating system for non-point source pollution load in the Taihu Lake basin was designed and developed using mosaic integration.Structure of the system and its functions were introduced and the realizing flows of three main function modules were discussed,including modules of SCS,USLE and non-point source pollution load models.Using the system,non-point source pollution load of total N in Wuxi City in 2005was estimated to be 8 014.43t, which originated mainly from agricultural production and waste water drainage of daily life.Application of the system showed its practicality because the calculating procedures of non-point source pollution models were simplified and the result reflected non-point source pollution situation and its relationship with land use in the study area objectively.