湿地水文过程效应及其调控技术

水文是湿地中最重要的生态过程, 湿地通过水文过程进行物质和能量交换, 从而控制着湿地的形成与演化, 制约着湿地环境的生物、物理和化学特征, 湿地水文过程恢复是湿地恢复的重要环节之一。文中介绍了湿地水文及其对湿地功能的重要性, 并且从湿地水文过程效应入手, 阐述了湿地水流流量与频率变化、来水时间变化及洪水泛滥的周期性变化对湿地生物的影响和湿地生物对水文变化的响应机制, 提出了湿地水文过程调控技术, 包括湿地水文连通技术、湿地蓄水防渗技术和生态补水技术。

A Study of Effect of Wetland Hydrology Process and Its Regulation Techniques

As the most important ecological process in wetlands,hydrology is a crucial factor for the exchange of substance and energy,and dominates the formation and evolution of wetlands by restricting their biological,physical and chemical characteristics.Therefore,wetland hydrology progress restoration is one of the kernel parts of wetland restoration.This paper gave a brief introduction to wetland hydrology and its importance to the functions of wetland ecosystem,and described the effects of hydrology processes,including the changes in water flow and frequency,discharging intervals and periodic changes of flood water,on wetland plants and organisms as well as the response mechanisms to the changes in wetland hydrology.Hydrology regulation techniques such as hydrological connection,water storage and seepage control techniques and ecological water supplement were proposed.