芦笋矿质元素吸收特性研究

研究了芦笋不同生长时期干物质积累和矿质元素吸收特性。结果表明，芦笋在采笋期干物质积累占全年总积累量的26.2%。嫩茎为该时期的干物质积累中心，积累量占采笋期积累量的69.7%。母茎生长期干物质积累占全年总积累量的73.8%，母茎为该时期的干物质积累中心，积累量占这一时期积累量的70.9%。在各种矿质元素中，芦笋植株吸收钾最多，其次为氮。对氮、磷、钾、钙、镁的吸收比例为3.33︰1︰4.77︰0.52︰0.23。钾在采笋期和母茎生长期的积累量基本相同；氮、铜、锌主要在采笋期积累；磷、钙、镁、铁、锰则主要在母茎生长期积累。根据芦笋矿质元素吸收特性提出了芦笋不同生育阶段的施肥建议。

Study on absorption properties of mineral elements of asparagus

The properties of dry matter accumulation and mineral elements absorption of asparagus (var. Applo) were studied. The results show that dry matter accumulation of asparagus plant at the spear harvest stage accounts about 26.2% of the total, and among this, 69.7% of the dry matter is accumulated in spear. While dry matter accumulation at the fern growing stage accounts 73.8% of the total, and among this, 70.9% dry matter is accumulated in fern. Asparagus absorbed K most, and then N. The absorption ratio of N︰P︰K︰Ca︰Mg is 3.33︰1︰4.77︰0.52︰0.23. K is accumulated equally at the spear harvest stage and the fern growing stage. Most of N, Cu and Zn are accumulated at the spear harvest stage, while most of P, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn are accumulated at the fern growing stage. Suggestions for reasonable fertilization in different developmental stages of asparagus are proposed.