杂交早稻主要性状分析及高产育种探索

用相关分析、通经分析和主成份分析方法对近年来育成的一些杂交早稻组合的主要性状分析表明：1．产量和产量性状及产量性状间有较为复杂的相关关系，而以每穗实粒数和株高对产量的直接作用最大；2．生育期对产量的直接作用和其它性状通过该性状的间接作用很小，说明早稻生育期范围内，实现高产是可能的；3．按累积贡献率≥85％，确定了穗平着粒数、结实率、千粒重和穗长四个主成份；4．对提高杂交早稻的育种途径和策略进行了探讨。

ANALYSIS ON THE MAIN TRAITS AND DISCUSSION ON HIGH-YIELD BREEDING OF EARLY-SEASON HYBRID RICE

Path coefficiency analysis and principle component analysis on themain traits of early-season hybrid rice were carried out by using 16 early-seasonbybrid rice combinations. The results slow as follows: There were eomplicatedcorrelationsbips between yield and yield components, and between yield components.Filled seed per panicle and plant height had higher direct contrihution to highgrain yield. However, the direct contribution of growth duration and the indirectcontrihutions of other traits through growtb duration to high yield were comparatively unsignificant. Thus, it is quite possible to increase the grain yield ofearly- season hybrid rice. According to the cumulative pet. of variability>85,four principle coponents, including spikelet number per panicle, seed percentage,1000-grain weight and panicle length, were selected out. In the end, the breeding strategy for improving early-season lybrid rice was discussed.