盐胁迫下11个树种生理特性及其耐盐性研究

以11个树种实生幼苗为材料,用不同浓度(0、3、5、8、10 g·kg-1)NaCl溶液进行浇灌处理,研究了盐胁迫下各树种的生理特性,并运用隶属函数法对其耐盐性进行综合评定,结果表明:(1)随着盐胁迫浓度的增加,各树种的叶绿素含量下降,脯氨酸含量增加,可溶性糖含量和质膜透性在树种间差异较大;(2)盐处理后,不同部位(根、茎和叶)Na 含量明显增加,K 含量随树种不同表现各异,K /Na 比值均呈下降趋势,且根中Na 含量明显比叶中的高;(3)日本丁香、银水牛果、榆桔和三裂叶漆的耐盐碱能力较强,豆梨、欧洲荚蒾、沃氏金链花及鹰爪豆具有中高度耐盐碱能力,而金雀儿、甜桦和光叶漆稍差,具有中度耐盐性.本研究为11个树种耐盐性标准的制订及其推广应用提供了理论依据.

Study on Physiolog ica l Character istics and Sa lt Tolerancefor Seedlings of 11 Tree Spec ies

In greenhouse, four2month2old seedlings of eleven tree species grown in pots were subjected to salinity(NaCl) treatments in concentration of 0, 3, 5, 8 and 10 g · kg^-1 of soil dry weight. The physiologicalcharacteristics of the trees were studied and their salt tolerance abilities were evaluated comp rehensively bysubordinate function value method. The results showed that: (1) W ith the increase of salinity concentration, thecontent of chlorophyll and free p raline were decreased and increased, respectively, among every kind of trees.While there were great differences in soluble sugar content and membrane permeability among the trees. (2) Aftersalt treatments, the Na⁺ content and K⁺ /Na⁺ value in roots, stems and leaves were significantly increased anddecreased, respectively. Whereas there was great difference in K⁺ content among different tree species and parts,and the Na⁺ content of roots was obviously higher than that of leaves. (3) Four species, S yringa japonica Dcne. ,S hepherdia a rgentea Nutt. , Ptelea trifoliate L inn. and Rhus trilobata Nutt. , had a higher salt tolerance species, andPy rus calleryana Dcne. ,V iburnum opulus L inn. , Laburnum wa tereriVossii. and Spartium junceum L inn. belonged tomedium2high salt tolerance species, and Cytisus scoparius Linn. , B etula lenta Linn. and Rhus glabra L inn. werelower than others and belonged to medium salt tolerance species. The theoretic basiswasmade for the establishmentof standard of salt resistant evaluation and popularization of the 11 tree species in this research.