七个鸡种蛋品质比较分析

鸡蛋品质是鸡蛋生产者和消费者都非常关注的性状,为分析蛋品质在鸡种内及鸡种间的差异,本试验测定了5个地方鸡种和2个国外蛋鸡品种各30个蛋共12项常规蛋品质指标。分析结果表明:遗传背景对蛋品质影响较大,2个国外鸡种的蛋重、哈氏单位等指标高于地方鸡种,而地方鸡种在蛋形指数、蛋壳质量、蛋黄颜色以及蛋黄比率上占优,国内蛋用鸡种改良可以选择蛋黄性状为重点选育方向。7个鸡种中,海兰白蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋黄重是最大的,但海兰褐蛋鸡却与之完全相反,两者之间差异显著(P<0.05)。从品种内差异角度来看,商业化鸡种蛋品质变异系数小,国内鸡种整齐度有待进一步提高。

Comparison and Analysis for Egg Quality of Seven Breeds of Layer

More and more researches and consumers were attracted by egg quality.The aim of this study was to uncover the variations within and among breeds.Five local breeds and two commercial breeds were selected as experiment animals.30 eggs from each breed were picked out,and 12 items were measured.The results suggested that genetic backgroud played important roles in egg quality.The averages in egg weight and Haugh unit of two commercial breeds were larger than those of local layers.However,some parameters in local hens,such as egg shape index,eggshell weight,yolk color and ratio,were better than those in commercial chicks.In seven layer breeds,Hy-Line white ranked the first in yolk weight,eggshell thickness and strength,and Hy-Line brown accounted for the last.There was a significant difference between Hy-Line white and brown.Based on variance within breed,commercial chickens showed better performance with small coefficient of variation,and local chickens had a potential space for uniform.