植物艺术配置理论的形成和发展

本文简短地叙述了我国园林植物艺术配置理论的形成和发展,指出我国园林已进入以植物造景为主体,用生态学观点进行植物配置和融游赏于生态环境之中的阶段.作者着重于植物群落景观,列举了草原植物、高山草甸、五花草塘等十四种可资借鉴或已被借鉴的天然植物群落景观,并进一步分析了群落结构与景观效果的关系,指出用植物生态群落观点造景与植物艺术配置的指导思想是吻合的,认为植物生态群落景观的多姿多彩完全可以独立成景,植物作为主角出现在我国园林中的时代已经开始.

Formation and Development of the Theories of Artistical Planting Arrangement

Outlining the formation and development of the theories of artistical planting arrangement in Chinese gardens in the past three thousand years, this paper indicates that gardening in China has come to a new stage in which plants have become a main part of landscaps and they are arranged on basis of ecology, so that the enjoyment of sightseeing is immersed in the harmony of ecological environment. Putting emphasis on the phytocommunity landscaping, the paper lists fourteen different types of natural phytocommunity landscaps, such as prairie, alpine grassy marshland and multiflorous moorland landscaps and so on, all of which are worthy to imitate or have been already imitated in gardens. Furthermore, the relations are analyzed between the composition of phytocommunity and their landscape effect, and it is shown that the guiding ideology of landscaping according to eco-phytocommunities coincides with that of artistical planting arrangement. Varied and graceful cco-phytocommunity landscapes can perfectly give fine views, so a period in which plants present in Chinese gardens as a main body have come already.