玉米单双交种主要生物学特性比较研究

目的]研究双交种的基本特性及双亲之间的规律。方法]将单交种潞玉13和先玉335组配成双交种,研究全生育期双交种的生物学特性特征。结果]双交种苗期长势基本整齐,叶片颜色与单交种父本存在一定相关性;成株期株型特征与单交种母本较接近,株高和穗位具有明显偏母本倾向,植株整齐度较差,雄穗分枝、花丝颜色、花药颜色等性状发生分离;果穗不均匀,穗行数、行粒数、轴色等性状分离明显;出籽率和千粒重介于2个单交种之间,产量较单交种有一定优势。结论]该研究可为优良玉米双交种的选育提供科学依据。

Comparative Study on Main Biological Characteristics of Single and Double Cross Maize Hybrids

Objective]To study the basic characteristics of double cross and the law between parents.Method] The single cross Luyu 13 and Xianyu 335 groups with double crossing, the biological characteristics of double crosses were observed in the whole growth period. Result]The results showed that the growth potential of the double seedling stage was basically neat, and the leaf color was related to the sin-gle backcross parent.The characteristics of plant height and ear position showed that the plant height and ear position were obviously skewed , and the plant uniformity was poor, and the traits such as branching, filament color and anther color were separated Fruit ear was not uniform, the number of ear rows, row grain number, axis color and other characteristics were distinct;The seed yield and TKW weight were between the two Single, and the yield was superior to that of Single.Conclusion]The study can provide a scientific basis for the breeding of good maize double cross.