FMEA模型构建及在出口水产品检验检疫风险管理工作中的应用

[目的]针对某机构出口水产品检验检疫风险管理中存在的问题,尝试建立故障模式和影响分析模型(FMEA),用于出口水产品检验检疫风险管理。[方法]针对检验检疫流程中的每一个过程,确定可能发生的故障模式,分析并列出可能由其带来的故障影响;采用特尔斐法和头脑风暴法确定风险事件发生频率、严重程度和可探测度的赋值规则并进行量化赋值,得到风险优先数(RPN),最终得到风险评价结果,并提出风险应对方式、风险管理保障措施及管理策略。[结果]构建的FMEA风险分析模型,可通过电子信息载体将风险分析结果和发现的风险点转化成风险参数,直接、快速、有效地作用于检验检疫流程。[结论]FMEA模型可有效提升出口水产品检验检疫风险管理水平,促进我国水产品外贸发展。

Construction of FMEA Model and its Application in the Risk Management of Inspection and Quarantine of Export Aquatic Product

[Objective]To establish a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) modelaiming at the problems in the risk management of inspection and quarantine of aquatic product,and so as to apply the FMEA model in the risk management of inspection and quarantine of aquatic product.[Method] Aiming at every process in the inspection and quarantine,the potential failure mode was confirmed and the resulting influence was analyzed and listed.Delphi and brain storming methods were used to determine the valuation rules of the occurrence frequency,severity and detectability of the risk events.The risk priority number (RPN) was obtained by valuation of the occurrence frequency,severity and detectability.Then the results of risk evaluation were obtained,and the response way,safeguard measures and management policy were proposed.[Result] The constructed FMEA model can transform the risk analysis results and risk points into risk parameters through electronic information carrier,and can be applied to the process of inspection and quarantine directly,quickly and effectively.[Conclusion] The FMEA model can effectively improve the risk management level of inspection and quarantine of exported aquatic products,and promote the development of aquatic product trade in China.