核桃种质资源果实性状的遗传多样性分析

目的]研究核桃果实性状遗传多样性。方法]以53份山东省果树研究所国家核桃种质资源圃的核桃坚果为研究对象,测定横径、纵径、侧径、干果重、仁重、出仁率、壳厚等主要数量性状。结果]53个核桃家系坚果重为7.95320.719 g,果仁重为4.854 9.866 g,出仁率为39.15%71.57%,横径为27.72539.463 mm,纵径为31.83548.223 mm,侧径为31.15741.435 mm,壳厚为0.5641.794 mm。其中,果仁重、干果重、壳厚具有相对较高的变异系数,分别为14.19%、18.51%、22.13%。结论]调查的核桃资源遗传多样性丰富,果仁重、单果重和壳厚可作为核桃良种选育的重要参考指标。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Fruit Characters in Germplasm Resources of Juglans regia

Objective] To study the genetic diversity of Juglans regia fruit. Method]53 Juglans regia nuts in national Juglans regia Germplasm Re-sources Garden of Shandong Institute of Pomology were taken as the research object. The main quantitative characters such as diameter, longitudinal diameter, lateral diameter, dry fruit weight, kernel weight, kernel yield and shell thickness were measured. Result]The weight of 53 Juglans regia nuts was 7. 953-20. 719 g, the kernel weight was 4. 854-9. 866 g, the kernel yield was 39. 15％ -71. 57％, the transverse diameter was 27. 725-39. 463 mm, the longitudinal diameter was 31. 835-48. 223 mm, the side diameter was 31. 157-41. 435 mm, and the shell thickness was 0. 564-1. 794 mm. Among them, the kernel weight, dry fruit weight and shell thickness have relatively high coefficient of variation at 14. 19％, 18. 51％ and 22. 13％, respectively. Conclusion]The genetic diversity of walnut resources was rich, and the kernel weight, fruit weight and shell thickness can be used as important reference indexes for the selection of Juglans regia varieties.